2 citations
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April 2019 in “Journal of Internal Medicine” Men using steroids or finasteride to look more attractive may harm their fertility and sexual function, creating a paradox where they seem fit but may be less able to reproduce.
October 2022 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” GnRH-a or orchiectomy is more effective than anti-androgens for managing hormone levels in transgender women.
2 citations
,
March 2001 in “Environmental Health Perspectives” Small hormonal imbalances can cause significant health problems, so more sensitive testing for hormone-disrupting chemicals is needed.
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” 5α-reductase-2 deficiency causes ambiguous genitalia at birth and affects male sexual development, but individuals often develop male characteristics at puberty.
100 citations
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July 2004 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormones like estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, and prolactin play complex roles in female sexual function, with testosterone potentially improving sexual desire, arousal, and satisfaction. However, more research is needed to establish safe and effective hormone treatments for female sexual dysfunction.
45 citations
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April 2018 in “Nature Reviews Urology” Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.
68 citations
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February 2019 in “Urology” Hormonal treatment in transgender women reduces semen quality, but stopping treatment may improve it.
January 2007 in “xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology Reference” June 2024 in “Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety” Finasteride harms Daphnia magna's reproduction, growth, and metabolism.
8 citations
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January 1987 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Flutamide, an antiandrogen, has minimal impact on female rat endocrine systems and does not significantly change their reproductive cycles.
3 citations
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August 2021 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Facial hair is crucial for transgender men's gender identity and transition.
January 2019 in “The Annals of Thoracic Surgery” The document concludes that careful planning and execution of facial gender affirmation surgery after at least 12 months of hormonal therapy can improve the quality of life for transgender individuals.
9 citations
,
August 1952 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A 17-year-old female with adrenogenital syndrome produces very high levels of androgens, which prevent complete feminization despite high estrogen doses.
116 citations
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December 2013 in “The Journal of Pediatrics” Most youth with gender dysphoria received hormones, had minor complications, and showed a decrease in suicide attempts after treatment.
10 citations
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December 2019 in “in Vivo” Testosterone makes the connections in the uterus lining simpler and lowers certain protein levels, which might lead to infertility.
January 2008 in “Yearbook of Endocrinology” Dutasteride and finasteride can change semen and hormone levels in men.
21 citations
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March 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The review highlights the need for more research on transgender dermatology, the role of dermatologists in gender affirmation, and the effects of hormone therapy on skin and hair.
1 citations
,
January 2005 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” Finasteride and DEHP exposure during development can change reproductive markers in rats.
14 citations
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August 1943 in “Archives of Dermatology” Applying estradiol to skin causes local changes but not cancer.
4 citations
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January 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Progesterone reduces anxiety and depression in female mice by increasing BDNF in the brain, needing 5α-reduction and estradiol.
June 2021 in “Archives of Advances in Biosciences” Finasteride reduces sperm count and quality and alters hormone levels in mice.
January 2005 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Finasteride may affect brain chemistry and behavior, offering potential for treating certain mental health conditions.
32 citations
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February 2019 in “Journal of neurochemistry” Sex hormones affect brain injury differently in males and females.
1 citations
,
October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” 5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.
30 citations
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March 2001 in “Environmental Health Perspectives” Small changes in hormones can significantly impact health, showing the importance of sensitive testing for chemicals that disrupt hormones.
February 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Dihydrotestosterone increases arterial stiffness in female mice without changing blood pressure or aortic wall thickness.
January 2014 in “Side effects of drugs annual” Exposure to certain sex hormones can increase health risks, while some hormone therapies may offer benefits for specific conditions.
1 citations
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January 2013 in “UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)” Hormonal contraceptives may reduce social behavior and sexual motivation by lowering allopregnanolone levels.
118 citations
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May 2003 in “Toxicological Sciences” Exposure to finasteride in the womb caused lasting reproductive issues in male rats.
4 citations
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March 2019 in “JAT. Journal of applied toxicology/Journal of applied toxicology” PFOS exposure disrupts hormone levels and enzyme activities in juvenile frogs, affecting males and females differently.