25 citations
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July 2006 in “Journal of Neurochemistry” Progesterone affects GABAA receptor function by altering δ subunit levels.
April 2021 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Androgens, male hormones, affect physical and mental functions, with a decrease leading to health issues like muscle loss, bone disease, and depression, and more research is needed on long-term effects and treatments.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman developed male characteristics after using unregulated hormone therapy.
December 2025 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas”
2 citations
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March 2001 in “Environmental Health Perspectives” Small hormonal imbalances can cause significant health problems, so more sensitive testing for hormone-disrupting chemicals is needed.
1 citations
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January 2005 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” Finasteride and DEHP exposure during development can change reproductive markers in rats.
26 citations
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November 1993 in “Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry” Treatment during development affects hormone balance and sexual behavior in male rats.
1 citations
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January 2013 in “UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)” Hormonal contraceptives may reduce social behavior and sexual motivation by lowering allopregnanolone levels.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 60 citations
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June 2007 in “Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior” Blocking progesterone metabolism can cause depression-like behavior in mice.
4 citations
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January 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Progesterone reduces anxiety and depression in female mice by increasing BDNF in the brain, needing 5α-reduction and estradiol.
4 citations
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June 2003 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride doesn't affect ovulation in normal women.
48 citations
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February 2006 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” 5α-reductase inhibitors may reduce male fertility and could be used for male contraception.
Finasteride reduces DHT levels and affects gene expression in fish, similar to its effects in humans.
19 citations
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July 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” GTx-024 and Danazol affect the uterus like DHT, while GTx-007 has little impact.
January 2008 in “Yearbook of Endocrinology” Dutasteride and finasteride can change semen and hormone levels in men.
January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Genetics may play a significant role in gender dysphoria.
45 citations
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April 2018 in “Nature Reviews Urology” Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.
5 citations
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October 2018 in “Sains Malaysiana” Testosterone reduces key molecules needed for early pregnancy in rats.
41 citations
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December 2016 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone therapy and surgeries for transgender individuals affect their skin and hair, requiring specific dermatologic treatments and respectful care.
17 citations
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January 2004 in “European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology/European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology” Certain hormone medications can treat symptoms like acne and unwanted hair, regulate periods, and prevent pregnancy in women and teenage girls.
3 citations
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August 2021 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Facial hair is crucial for transgender men's gender identity and transition.
January 2019 in “The Annals of Thoracic Surgery” The document concludes that careful planning and execution of facial gender affirmation surgery after at least 12 months of hormonal therapy can improve the quality of life for transgender individuals.
33 citations
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October 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces hair growth and is safe for women with excessive hair.
10 citations
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December 2019 in “in Vivo” Testosterone makes the connections in the uterus lining simpler and lowers certain protein levels, which might lead to infertility.
63 citations
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December 2010 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Reduced neurosteroids and growth issues can harm fetal brain development, especially in males.
April 2024 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.
17 citations
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October 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”
2 citations
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April 2019 in “Journal of Internal Medicine” Men using steroids or finasteride to look more attractive may harm their fertility and sexual function, creating a paradox where they seem fit but may be less able to reproduce.