31 citations
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September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
January 2026 in “Endocrinology”
1 citations
,
October 2021 in “LGBT health” The review discusses how facial masculinization surgeries are done and their costs.
January 2020 in “Research Portal Denmark” A short male anogenital distance may indicate incomplete masculinization due to disrupted androgen action.
10 citations
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February 2019 in “Toxicological Sciences” Finasteride exposure affects gene expression and anogenital distance in male rat fetuses.
October 1984 in “Kidney international” The patient had complex urinary tract issues and ambiguous genitalia, with physical features suggesting a hormonal imbalance.
September 2025 in “Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise” Gender-affirming hormone therapy and surgery affect gut bacteria differently.
21 citations
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December 1977 in “Journal of pediatric surgery” Individuals with male pseudohermaphroditism often do better raised as females with early surgery.
10 citations
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January 2018 in “Dermatology online journal” Genital rejuvenation is becoming popular for improving genital appearance and function in both men and women.
Bilateral Orchiectomy effectively reduces the need for anti-androgen medication in most transgender females.
53 citations
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January 1986 in “Endocrinology” Blocking a specific enzyme in male rat fetuses leads to the development of nipples and feminized genitalia.
January 2025 in “Surgical & Cosmetic Dermatology” Forehead reduction surgery can fix forehead defects and improve appearance.
January 1983 in “Elsevier eBooks” Masculinization in affected individuals occurs gradually after puberty due to hormone changes.
20 citations
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March 1975 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” The study concludes that a genetic mutation in TFM mice leads to reduced androgen receptor activity, affecting the body's response to male hormones.
98 citations
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July 1983 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Individuals with this condition often develop male traits and identities at puberty despite being raised as females.
41 citations
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December 2016 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone therapy and surgeries for transgender individuals affect their skin and hair, requiring specific dermatologic treatments and respectful care.
September 2024 in “Pediatrics in Review” Parental support and gender-affirming care are crucial for the mental health of transgender adolescents.
45 citations
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April 2018 in “Nature Reviews Urology” Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.
14 citations
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March 2019 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Hair transplantation can help transgender patients affirm their gender identity.
January 2010 in “Springer eBooks”
June 2018 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Proper management of the dilation program is crucial after male-to-female reassignment surgery.
1 citations
,
May 2018 in “Clinical chemistry” The girl's unexpected pubic hair growth led to a diagnosis different from complete androgen insensitivity syndrome.
5 citations
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January 2023 in “Fertility and sterility” Doctors are preparing to potentially perform uterus transplants in transgender women, considering technical, hormonal, and ethical factors.
January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Genetics may play a significant role in gender dysphoria.
March 2016 in “The Journal of Urology” The discovery of 5α-reductase deficiency in guevedoces led to the development of important urologic medications.
26 citations
,
December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy and surgeries like mastectomy improve transgender men's lives and mental health with low risks and high satisfaction.
51 citations
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August 2012 in “Differentiation” Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.
October 2022 in “Hair Transplantation” Transgender patients use hair restoration surgery to match their hairline with their gender identity.
4 citations
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May 2007 in “Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America” Understanding gender differences and individual patient characteristics is essential for optimal cosmetic surgery outcomes.
11 citations
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November 2022 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Hormonal treatments can change hair and skin in transgender people, but may not fully achieve desired results.