May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Adolescents with PCOS have higher levels of certain androgens, which are linked to hair growth but don't help diagnose PCOS better than testosterone levels.
11 citations
,
August 2019 in “PubMed” Hirsutism in women is mostly caused by polycystic ovary syndrome and idiopathic hyperandrogenism.
November 2025 in “Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews” Cyproterone acetate works similarly to other treatments for hirsutism, but more research is needed.
3 citations
,
July 2009 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” Low-dose Buserelin effectively reduces hirsutism with minimal side effects.
1 citations
,
February 2017 in “Journal of gynecology and womens health” The document concluded that more research is needed to understand how estrogen affects the enzyme involved in hirsutism development.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Glucocorticoid treatment lowered androgen levels but didn't improve hirsutism or ovulation and caused weight gain.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Losing weight, possibly through bariatric surgery, is key to improving PCOS and hyperandrogenism symptoms in obese patients.
January 2023 in “Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases” Hyperandrogenism is a common hormonal disorder in women, often linked to PCOS.
14 citations
,
January 2025 in “Reproductive Medicine and Biology” PCOS diagnosis and treatment should consider race and ethnicity for accuracy.
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) show higher levels of hope, judgement, perspective, and transcendence, and could benefit from positive psychology therapy.
September 1997 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” People with acne have more CD4+ immune cells in their skin than healthy people.
22 citations
,
September 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces dihydrotestosterone, increases testosterone, and may treat hirsutism in women.
3 citations
,
October 2024 in “Reproductive Sciences” Androgen measurements are mostly unnecessary for diagnosing PCOS, except in women with menstrual issues.
16 citations
,
November 2018 in “Singapore Medical Journal” Primary care for PCOS focuses on lifestyle changes, medication based on symptoms, and mental health, with diabetes screening and specialist referral for severe cases.
November 2021 in “Khyber Medical University Journal” A rare ovarian tumor caused a postmenopausal woman to develop male-like features, which improved after surgery.
94 citations
,
January 2000 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Spironolactone most effective for hirsutism, but has side effects.
633 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” PCOS affects a similar percentage of Black and White women in the Southeastern United States.
89 citations
,
November 2014 in “Medical Clinics of North America” Eating 500 fewer calories a day and making lifestyle changes can improve PCOS symptoms and reduce diabetes risk; more research is needed on its causes and treatments.
39 citations
,
August 2004 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” Finasteride and CPA-EE2 equally reduce hirsutism, but affect hormone levels differently.
13 citations
,
October 2011 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Women with PCOS-related infertility can often conceive with treatments like clomiphene and metformin, but managing pregnancy complications is important.
11 citations
,
January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” A woman with a rare adrenal tumor and hormonal disorder had improved testosterone levels after surgery, but her menstrual irregularities continued.
1 citations
,
July 2015 in “AACE clinical case reports” Removing both ovaries treated the woman's excess male hormone symptoms.
November 2025 in “International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology” PCOS is likely inherited in families, increasing risk for first-degree relatives.
May 2025 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” VHL disease can cause early paragangliomas, needing lifelong monitoring.
November 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” PCOS is a genetic disorder affecting women's reproductive health, with treatments focused on symptoms like insulin resistance and fertility.
July 2023 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” Sertoliform endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary, though rare, has a good prognosis when treated early.
258 citations
,
July 2016 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.
298 citations
,
July 2000 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” About 6.5% of young Caucasian women in Spain have polycystic ovary syndrome.
215 citations
,
January 2011 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.
135 citations
,
August 1994 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Most women with hirsutism or androgenic alopecia had polycystic ovaries, especially if they had irregular periods.