December 2025 in “Doğu Fen Bilimleri Dergisi” Vimentin, desmin, and laminin help maintain rat skin structure.
September 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” 7DHC and BM15766 damage hair follicle structure and reduce key gene expression.
March 2025 in “ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces” Ultrasonic microneedles improve hair regrowth treatment effectiveness without side effects.
February 2025 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new amino acid derivative, ATS, improves hair texture and moisture, making it easier to straighten curly hair.
November 2024 in “Biophysical Chemistry” Hair structure changes immediately during perm treatment, with initial damage partially restored later.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
January 2009 in “Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakaishi/Journal of S C C./Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakai kaishi” Curved human hair has different structures on each side, which might cause its shape and is similar to wool.
January 2006 in “Seibutsu Butsuri” Curly and straight hair differ in how their internal fibers are arranged.
Chemical treatments weaken hair's thermal stability and structure.
January 1997 in “Han-guk hyeonmigyeong hakoeji/Applied microscopy” The hair follicle's connection to connective tissue is weaker than the skin's.
98 citations
,
December 2015 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Keratin is crucial for skin barrier formation and affects mitochondrial function.
41 citations
,
July 2020 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Different hair protein amounts change the strength of keratin/chitosan gels, useful for making predictable tissue engineering materials.
175 citations
,
January 1995 in “Birkhäuser Basel eBooks” Human hair growth and structure are influenced by keratin proteins, genes, melanin, and lipids.
161 citations
,
June 1993 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Trichohyalin helps in hair and skin cell structure and function by binding calcium and linking proteins.
95 citations
,
March 2009 in “Differentiation” Gene expression in wool follicles changes with growth cycles, offering insights into wool and human hair growth.
69 citations
,
January 2015 in “Cell & tissue research/Cell and tissue research” Keratin mutations cause skin diseases and could lead to new treatments.
62 citations
,
October 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” New mutations in hair keratin genes can change hair structure and cause monilethrix, with nail issues more common in certain gene mutations.
53 citations
,
September 2004 in “American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics” Mutations in keratin genes cause cell fragility and various skin disorders.
48 citations
,
July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hair growth is controlled by specific gene clusters and proteins, and cysteine affects hair gene expression in sheep.
27 citations
,
November 2007 in “Genomics” Mutations in specific keratin genes cause improper hair structure in mice due to faulty keratin protein assembly.
19 citations
,
May 2008 in “Applied spectroscopy” Human hair has different protein structures in its cuticle and cortex.
10 citations
,
November 2013 in “Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education” Keratins are crucial proteins for hair and nails, with a structure that helps teach protein principles.
4 citations
,
November 2016 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Pili torti hair is fragile due to loose keratin filaments and weak disulfide bonds.
November 2023 in “Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers” Scientists made nanoparticles from human hair proteins to improve drug delivery.
Oxidized hair can naturally regain strength and stability over six months.
46 citations
,
December 1998 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Keratin 19 forms less stable and shorter filaments than keratin 14, giving unique traits to certain skin cells.
32 citations
,
November 1998 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Mouse and human keratin 16 can both form filaments, with differences likely due to the tail domain, not the helical domain.
38 citations
,
February 1988 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology” Only one of the two K16 genes on chromosome 17 makes a functional protein for keratin filaments.
Trichohyalin, a protein from pig tongue, was purified and found to have a filamentous structure.
March 2026 in “Virulence” Vimentin and keratin help viruses spread and could be targets for antiviral treatments.