37 citations
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January 2009 in “Sexual Development” Fadrozole and Finasteride change frog sex ratios and cause intersex animals with altered gene expressions.
34 citations
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May 1987 in “European Journal of Pediatrics” Buserelin safely and effectively suppresses early puberty, potentially improving final height.
25 citations
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September 2014 in “Pharmacotherapy” Hormone therapy can improve mental health and quality of life for people with gender dysphoria, but long-term effects need more research.
11 citations
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October 2020 in “General and comparative endocrinology” Male C57BL/6 mice show age-related fluctuations in certain hormones and their ratios in both blood and hair.
5 citations
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December 2015 in “PubMed” Some gonadal hormone drugs can block filovirus entry into cells.
1 citations
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January 2010 in “uO Research (University of Ottawa)” Atrazine and finasteride disrupt hormone signaling and affect frog development.
October 2025 in “Aquaculture” Coconut oil boosts testosterone but doesn't fully trigger reproductive maturity in pufferfish.
29 citations
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February 1987 in “General and comparative endocrinology” Thyroid and gonadal hormones control seasonal hair growth and molting in male European badgers.
24 citations
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May 1982 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” These drugs cause hair growth without affecting testosterone or adrenal hormones.
20 citations
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March 1975 in “Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism” 15 citations
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June 1986 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Androgens increase pigmentation in young hamsters, but estrogens can reverse this effect.
7 citations
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April 2015 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Finasteride negatively affects fish reproduction and gonadal development.
207 citations
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September 2002 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Blocking testosterone speeds up wound healing in males.
138 citations
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November 1974 in “Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society” Males and females differ in lifespan, growth, organ size, metabolism, and brain structure, with females generally living longer and maturing earlier.
110 citations
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January 1984 in “Progress in brain research” Gonadal hormones may influence sex differences in play fighting in animals, but their effect on human spatial behavior is unclear and needs more research.
44 citations
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June 1967 in “The journal of nutrition/The Journal of nutrition” Lack of essential fatty acids in diet causes reproductive issues and poor health in male rabbits.
39 citations
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January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” Eating high glycemic foods and drinking milk may worsen acne by increasing insulin and IGF-1 levels.
37 citations
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June 2011 in “Pediatrics in Review” Puberty is driven by hormonal changes, mainly influenced by genetics, nutrition, and body fat.
36 citations
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July 1980 in “Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health” High doses of ethynylestradiol in rats caused growth issues, organ changes, and some tumors, but didn't increase overall tumor rates.
30 citations
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December 2001 in “Experimental dermatology” Gonadal hormones significantly affect the severity of alopecia areata in mice.
29 citations
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March 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Testosterone may influence COVID-19 severity and outcomes.
26 citations
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March 1981 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Oestrogen does not affect adrenal androgen levels in children and adolescents.
24 citations
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July 1980 in “Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health” High doses of norethindrone acetate in rats caused various organ changes but didn't significantly increase tumor rates.
23 citations
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April 2010 in “Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C Toxicology & Pharmacology” The piRNA pathway genes are crucial in early development and may influence sex differentiation through hormone regulation.
23 citations
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July 1979 in “Canadian journal of biochemistry” Spironolactone reduces the number of androgen receptor sites in rat skin by blocking them with its metabolite.
19 citations
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March 1998 in “Endocrinology” Male rats have more somatostatin neurons than females due to testosterone converting to estrogen during early development.
13 citations
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June 2024 in “Frontiers in Genetics” About 50% of 46, XY DSD cases lack a genetic diagnosis, but advanced sequencing methods improve detection.
9 citations
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March 2023 in “Chemosphere” Certain pesticides may delay sexual maturity in teenage boys.
9 citations
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November 2014 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” A 15-year-old girl with rare reproductive disorders received hormone therapy to develop secondary sexual traits, but infertility persisted.
4 citations
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August 2021 in “Pediatrics in review” DSDs are birth conditions causing unusual sex development, managed with personalized care and sometimes surgery, but still lack a standard treatment approach.