64 citations
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January 1998 in “Drugs” Dienogest combined with ethinylestradiol is a highly effective birth control that improves menstrual symptoms and has manageable side effects.
3 citations
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April 2024 in “Molecular Human Reproduction” Paxillin may help manage androgen-related disorders like PCOS by stabilizing androgen receptor proteins.
54 citations
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November 2017 in “Scientific Reports” The study found that certain microRNAs are higher in the cells and lower in the fluid of women with a specific type of polycystic ovary syndrome, and one microRNA could potentially help diagnose the condition.
1 citations
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October 2005 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” Allopregnanolone and opioids together reduce stress hormone responses during pregnancy.
2 citations
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December 2001 in “PubMed”
77 citations
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June 2015 in “Nature Reviews Urology” Some common medications can harm male fertility, but many effects can be reversed.
9 citations
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November 2013 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” A woman had high testosterone due to an ovarian issue, which was fixed with surgery.
Spironolactone with an oral contraceptive improved hair growth in women with hirsutism.
December 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Gut microbiota and metabolic pathways may play a key role in PCOS development.
1 citations
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July 2015 in “AACE clinical case reports” Removing both ovaries treated the woman's excess male hormone symptoms.
January 2011 in “Practical medicine” Both finasteride and drospirenone treatments improved symptoms and increased pregnancy rates in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document explains how male reproductive hormones work and affect the body.
1 citations
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September 2023 in “JCEM case reports” GnRH analogues are effective for diagnosing and treating female androgen excess, offering a non-surgical option.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Androgens and estrogens are crucial for insulin secretion in males.
8 citations
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January 1987 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Flutamide, an antiandrogen, has minimal impact on female rat endocrine systems and does not significantly change their reproductive cycles.
1 citations
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October 2002 in “The Journal of Urology” 13 citations
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August 2016 in “Reproduction” High doses of nandrolone decanoate disrupt ovarian hormones and receptors in rats, with recovery only at lower doses and longer recovery times.
1 citations
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September 2024 in “Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology” PCOS women have more severe metabolic issues and higher androgen levels than hyperandrogenic women without PCOS.
Finasteride affects prostate development differently in male and female Mongolian gerbils.
88 citations
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September 2003 in “Clinical endocrinology” Hormone treatment for transsexual individuals is effective but carries risks like thromboembolic events and mood changes, with most side effects being minor and reversible.
18 citations
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March 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.
1 citations
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January 2014 in “Side effects of drugs annual” Hormonal contraceptives and related compounds can increase health risks like thrombosis and affect sexual function.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Leydig cell tumors in the ovary can cause high testosterone and male traits in postmenopausal women but are treatable with surgery.
32 citations
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September 2010 in “Stress” Neurosteroids help protect fetal brains from asphyxia damage.
11-oxyandrogens are linked to excess hair growth in PCOS, but don't help diagnose it.
April 2014 in “The FASEB Journal” Testosterone reduces knee movement, while flutamide and finasteride increase it.
January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Genetics may play a significant role in gender dysphoria.
8 citations
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June 2020 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Taking 5α-reductase inhibitors with prednisolone can worsen its negative effects on metabolism.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Surgical removal of a rare ovarian tumor improved symptoms and hormone levels in a postmenopausal woman.