14 citations
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January 2020 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” OCT4 helps granulosa cell growth in early-stage follicles, and FSH increases OCT4 through specific pathways.
21 citations
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September 2021 in “Fertility and Sterility” A blood test level of 3.2 ng/mL of Antimüllerian hormone is good for identifying polycystic ovarian morphology in European women aged 25–45.
October 2015 in “药物不良反应杂志” Stopping the drug usually helps, but tamoxifen or surgery may be needed if symptoms persist.
21 citations
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July 2019 in “Cardiovascular Research” High levels of male hormones in pregnant mice cause heart enlargement and poor heart function in their female babies.
45 citations
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November 2012 The conclusion is that androgen receptor gene polymorphism might be a marker for polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed.
June 1995 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” Women with hair loss have higher androgen levels, while men with early balding have altered androgen ratios.
4 citations
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February 2019 in “PubMed” Clascoterone may be an effective topical treatment for hair loss.
December 2020 in “Asian Biomedicine” More than half of the Thai women with PCOS had polycystic ovarian morphology.
2 citations
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June 2024 in “Anti-Aging Eastern Europe” PCOS symptoms vary by age, affecting diagnosis and treatment.
6 citations
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March 2005 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Follicular dystrophy in immunocompromised patients may be linked to medication or viral factors and can improve with treatment changes.
January 2024 in “International Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Hormone levels can help predict metformin treatment success in women with PCOS.
7 citations
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January 2016 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” Simvastatin may help manage symptoms in women with non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia by lowering cholesterol and certain hormone levels.
October 2025 in “Nature Reviews Disease Primers” October 2025 in “Nature Reviews Disease Primers” April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Mosaic Klinefelter syndrome can affect male fertility and may be missed in routine tests.
44 citations
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February 2009 in “Pain” Progesterone reduces spinal reflex activity by increasing certain GABA(A) receptor subtypes.
7 citations
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January 2018 in “Reproduction” Inhibiting 5α-reductase increases progesterone levels in late pregnant mares.
9 citations
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July 2024 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves mental health and gender incongruence but requires careful management of cardiovascular and cancer risks.
1 citations
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October 2022 in “Curēus” Diagnosing simple-virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be difficult and requires thorough testing and expert advice.
1 citations
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March 2012 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Testosterone, progesterone, and levonorgestrel change enzyme levels related to fat production in hamster skin, which could affect skin oil and acne.
2 citations
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May 2011 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” Further testing of paclitaxel poliglumex for this cancer treatment is not justified.
30 citations
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January 2001 in “Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association” High adrenal sex hormones in dogs with hypercortisolemia can mislead adrenal hyperplasia diagnosis.
4 citations
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November 2022 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” The enzyme 5α-reductase type 1 is important for blood vessel development and fertility in the uterus.
December 2025 in “Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences” FOXA1 and CCL2 genes are more active in women with PCOS, varying by phenotype.
44 citations
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May 2012 in “Endocrinology” High levels of androgens during early development may cause PCOS-like symptoms.
December 2005 in “Endocrine-related cancer” A woman's adrenal tumor disappeared after treatment with cyproterone acetate.
6 citations
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November 2015 in “JAMA” Oral contraceptives help mild hirsutism, while flutamide and spironolactone help severe cases.
78 citations
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March 1989 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” High-dose androgen therapy can help manage certain types of androgen resistance.
1 citations
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June 2022 in “Frontiers in Neuroanatomy” Early hormones shape sex-specific differences in rat glands.