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GlossaryHuman Scalp Hair Follicles

tiny skin structures on the scalp where hair grows

Human Scalp Hair Follicles are tiny, tunnel-like structures in the skin of the scalp from which hair grows. Each follicle anchors a single hair into the skin and is responsible for the hair's growth cycle, which includes phases of growth (anagen), rest (telogen), and shedding (catagen). These follicles are crucial for hair regeneration and are influenced by various factors, including genetics, hormones, and environmental conditions.

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Human Scalp Hair Follicles Are Both a Target and a Source of Prolactin, Which Serves as an Autocrine and/or Paracrine Promoter of Apoptosis-Driven Hair Follicle Regression

research Human Scalp Hair Follicles Are Both a Target and a Source of Prolactin, which Serves as an Autocrine and/or Paracrine Promoter of Apoptosis-Driven Hair Follicle Regression

128 citations , March 2006 in “American Journal of Pathology”

Prolactin contributes to hair loss by promoting hair follicle shrinkage and cell death.

research Single-cell transcriptomics reveals lineage trajectory of human scalp hair follicle and informs mechanisms of hair graying

13 citations , May 2022 in “Cell discovery”

The study found new details about human hair growth and suggests that preventing a specific biological pathway could potentially treat hair graying.

research Hydroxylation of dehydroepiandrosterone in human scalp hair folhcles

11 citations , June 1979 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

The enzyme system in hair follicles is similar to the liver's and is affected by certain inhibitors.

research 803 Taxane chemotherapy induces epigenetic changes and premature senescence in human scalp hair follicles

July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Taxane chemotherapy can cause permanent hair loss by damaging hair follicles and altering their DNA.

Neuroendocrinology of Human Scalp Hair Follicles: Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Stimulates Hair Growth and Controls a Fully Functional Intrafollicular Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Somatotropic Signaling Axis

research 562 Neuroendocrinology of human scalp hair follicles: Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) stimulates hair growth and controls a fully functional intrafollicular hypothalamic-pituitary-somatotropic (HPS) signaling axis

November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) boosts hair growth and human scalp hair follicles have their own growth hormone system.

research Human Scalp Hair Follicles Express Prostaglandin E2 Lipid Mediator and Receptors For Pge2

September 2013

Human scalp hair follicles have PGE2 and its receptors, which might affect hair growth.

research 1032 Characterization of the human scalp hair follicle microbiome reveals differential spatial distribution, abundance and viability of intrafollicular microbiota and modulation of hair growth and metabolism by staphylococcus epidermidis

April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Staphylococcus epidermidis affects hair growth and metabolism, suggesting it could help manage hair growth issues.

research Connective tissue sheath of hair follicle is a major source of dermal type I procollagen in human scalp

4 citations , September 2012 in “Journal of dermatological science”

The hair follicle's connective tissue is a key source of a certain collagen in human scalp skin.

research Industrial-scale processing of activated platelet-rich plasma from specific pathogen-free pigs and its effect on promoting human hair follicle dermal papilla cell cultivation

February 2017 in “Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)”

Porcine PRP can replace FBS and promote hair growth.

research Anti-Hair Loss Activity of Healthy Human Scalp-Derived Staphylococcus capitis KMH304 Ferment Filtrate in Human Hair-Follicle Dermal Papilla and Keratinocyte Cells

April 2026 in “Microorganisms”

SCFF may help promote hair growth and scalp health.

research 001 Human scalp hair follicles are protected from alopecia areata in vivo by regulatory γδT cells

November 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

γδT cells can protect hair follicles from alopecia areata and promote hair regrowth.

research Cultured dermal papilla cells from androgen-dependent human hair follicles (e.g. beard) contain more androgen receptors than those from non-balding areas of scalp

124 citations , April 1992 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology”

Beard hair follicles have more androgen receptors than non-balding scalp hair follicles.

research Time and depth resolved visualisation of the diffusion of a lipophilic dye into the hair follicle of fresh unfixed human scalp skin

36 citations , July 2004 in “Journal of Controlled Release”

The dye quickly penetrates hair follicles, mainly through the gap, not the surrounding skin.

research An efficient method for isolation of hair papillae and follicle epithelium from human scalp specimens

8 citations , September 1993 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

A new method helps isolate key hair components to study hair growth and loss.

research Hair follicle markers, expression and modulation: Studies on human scalp skin grafts

February 2010 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Activating cAMP and ATP improves hair growth and strength.

research Effects of Epidermal Growth Factor and Transforming Growth Factor on Cultured Hair Follicle Cells from Human Scalp

January 1994 in “Skin research”

EGF and TGF-α help maintain hair cell cultures, but TGF-β1 stops their growth.

Industrial-Scale Processing of Activated Platelet-Rich Plasma from Specific Pathogen-Free Pigs and Its Effect on Promoting Human Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cell Cultivation

research Industrial-scale processing of activated platelet-rich plasma from specific pathogen-free pigs and its effect on promoting human hair follicle dermal papilla cell cultivation

7 citations , December 2016 in “Journal of The Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers”

Pig blood plasma can be used to promote human hair growth and is a good alternative to the commonly used serum additive.

research Limitations of human occipital scalp hair follicle organ culture for studying the effects of minoxidil as a hair growth enhancer

30 citations , September 2004 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Scalp hair follicle culture has limits for testing minoxidil's hair growth effects.

research Serial cultivation of human scalp hair follicle keratinocytes

14 citations , July 1983 in “Acta Dermato Venereologica”

A method was developed to grow millions of hair cells from a single hair for research and storage.

research Comparative Analysis of Biological Properties of Large-Scale Expanded Adult Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cells Isolated from Human Hair Follicle and Skin Dermis

11 citations , February 2019 in “Stem cells international”

Skin-derived stem cells grow faster and are easier to obtain than hair follicle stem cells, but both can become various cell types.

Morphometric Analysis of the Human Scalp Hair Follicle: Practical Implications for the Hair Transplant Surgeon and Hair Regeneration Studies

research Morphometric Analysis of the Human Scalp Hair Follicle: Practical Implications for the Hair Transplant Surgeon and Hair Regeneration Studies

51 citations , November 2010 in “Dermatologic Surgery”

The research provides specific measurements for hair follicles that can improve hair transplant and regeneration techniques.

research Histologic and Cell Kinetic Studies of Hair Loss and Subsequent Recovery Process of Human Scalp Hair Follicles Grafted onto Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mice

31 citations , August 2000 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Stem cells are key for hair follicle recovery.

research Spatial Distribution and Functional Impact of Human Scalp Hair Follicle Microbiota

19 citations , December 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Scalp hair follicle microbes affect hair health and could be used for treatments.

research 602 mTORC1 activity controls human scalp hair follicle pigmentation and growth

1 citations , April 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

mTORC1 activity is important for hair growth and color, and targeting it could help treat hair loss and greying.

research 1400 Low-intensity ultrasound protects human scalp hair follicles from taxane-induced toxicity

April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Low-intensity ultrasound may protect hair follicles from damage caused by a common chemotherapy drug.

Temporary Cell Cycle Arrest by ALRN-6924: A Novel P53-Targeting Strategy to Protect Human Scalp Hair Follicles Against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Alopecia

research 1409 Temporary cell cycle arrest by ALRN-6924: A novel, p53-targeting strategy to protect human scalp hair follicles against cyclophosphamide-induced alopecia

April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

ALRN-6924 can protect hair follicles from chemotherapy damage by temporarily stopping cell division.

research Location and fine structure of melanocytes in human fetal scalp hair follicles.

March 2009 in “Chinese Journal of Dermatology”

Melanocytes in the outer root sheath are likely stem cells that grow fast but stay immature.

research Age-related changes in human scalp extracellular matrix – implications for the hair follicle?

September 2017

Older women's scalp cells show changes that could contribute to hair thinning.

research IL-15 Prolongs Anagen, Stimulates Proliferation, and Suppresses Apoptosis in the Hair Matrix of Human Scalp Hair Follicles

9 citations , August 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

IL-15 helps hair grow longer and stronger by extending the growth phase and reducing cell death.

research Improvement of cell proliferation and antioxidant activity of silymarin in hair follicles dermal papillae isolated from the human scalp: Comparison with vitamin C effects

8 citations , January 2020 in “International Journal of Trichology”

Silymarin improves hair follicle health better than vitamin C by boosting cell growth and reducing oxidative stress.