March 2012 in “Hair transplant forum international” Environmental factors and chemicals might affect hormone balance and contribute to common hair loss.
December 2023 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Early diagnosis, genetic testing, and innovative treatments are crucial for managing complex medical conditions.
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March 2004 in “The Journal of Urology” Hypospadiac rats showed abnormal genital development, useful for studying human hypospadias.
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December 2018 in “Medical Science Monitor” The MAPK/ERK pathway is crucial in controlling cell growth and death in finasteride-induced hypospadias.
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July 2007 in “PubMed” Atrazine causes birth defects in rats, and finasteride can reliably create a hypospadias model.
4 citations
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October 2023 in “African Journal of Urology” Older parental age, rural living, and specific genetic mutations increase hypospadias risk in children.
April 2025 in “Molecular Biology Reports” DNMT1 may help treat hypospadias by improving cell function and preventing unwanted cell changes.
January 2011 in “InTech eBooks” Pesticide exposure may increase the risk of hypospadias in males.
January 2006 in “Zhonghua miniao waike zazhi” Finasteride can reliably cause hypospadias in rabbits.
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January 1999 in “Drugs” Finasteride effectively treats baldness but may cause sexual side effects.
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July 1990 in “Teratology” Finasteride exposure in pregnancy causes genital abnormalities in male rats.
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May 2003 in “Toxicological Sciences” Exposure to finasteride in the womb caused lasting reproductive issues in male rats.
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March 1993 in “Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology” Finasteride affects male rat genitalia development, causing abnormalities during specific pregnancy days.
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February 1997 in “Teratology” Finasteride, when given in high oral doses to pregnant monkeys, caused genital abnormalities in male fetuses, but not in female fetuses or those exposed to intravenous finasteride.
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April 2018 in “Nature Reviews Urology” Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.
21 citations
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December 2015 in “Development Growth & Differentiation” DHT is crucial for urethral formation, and its disruption can affect masculinization and lead to hypospadias.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A boy with a new NR5A1 gene mutation has a sex development disorder without affecting his adrenal glands.
July 2001 in “APMIS. Acta pathologica, microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica./APMIS” Male children's genital development issues can be caused by genetic mutations or environmental factors affecting hormone action.
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August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The same gene mutation can cause different symptoms in family members.
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October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” 5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.
26 citations
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July 2020 in “Fertility and Sterility” Male infertility and genitourinary birth defects are often linked to genetic issues.
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May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Insufficient androgen action in male fetuses can cause genital development issues due to genetic mutations or environmental chemicals.
January 2022 in “International Microsurgery Journal” This method effectively reconstructs scarred penopubic junctions after surgery.
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December 1977 in “Journal of pediatric surgery” Individuals with male pseudohermaphroditism often do better raised as females with early surgery.
2 citations
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July 2023 in “Urology Case Reports” Timely surgery successfully repaired a boy's penis after a hair caused severe damage.
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March 2010 in “Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery” Laser treatment can fix skin color issues after syndactyly surgery.
January 2025 in “Excellence in Pediatrics Abstracts” Early recognition and treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa in children are crucial to prevent complications.
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January 2013 in “Urology” An 8-year-old boy with bed-wetting issues suffered a severe penile injury from tying a thread around his penis, requiring urgent medical treatment to avoid worse outcomes.
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January 2019 in “Dermatologic Surgery” 7 citations
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August 2019 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” Hydrosurgery is effective, safe, and causes fewer scars and complications than traditional methods.