Higher PD-1 levels mean fewer CD8+ T cells in alopecia areata hair follicles.
March 2026 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” Belatacept may be a promising treatment for alopecia areata.
15 citations
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January 2019 in “Journal of the Formosan Medical Association” Adalimumab helped control a child's severe eye disease when other treatments failed.
March 2010 in “Anti-inflammatory & anti-allergy agents in medicinal chemistry” Biologic agents can be effective for rheumatic diseases but have risks like infections and require careful monitoring and patient information.
June 2015 in “Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases” Managing multiple autoimmune diseases in one patient is very challenging.
December 2025 in “Al-Iraqia Medical College Journal” Virus infection risk is linked to heat tolerance and size, but decreases with high humidity and mutation rate.
July 2025 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Switching insulin brands caused skin lesions in a diabetic woman, resolved by changing to oral medication.
November 2025 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” Immune cell-targeting biologics show potential for treating alopecia areata but need better-targeted therapies.
2 citations
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June 2017 in “Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare” Skin and mucous symptoms are key for diagnosing autoimmune connective tissue diseases.
Certain skin and family history markers predict vitiligo severity and treatment needs.
13 citations
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August 2017 in “Journal of Cellular Physiology” PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 may not effectively control immune activation in alopecia areata.
117 citations
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September 2003 in “Molecular & cellular proteomics” The technology can help diagnose and subtype autoimmune diseases by identifying specific autoantibodies.
1 citations
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July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” IL-27 may help prevent hair loss by creating immune-suppressing cells.
May 2024 in “International journal of medicine and psychology.” Age-related immune changes significantly affect disease development in other systems.
17 citations
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April 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” The study created a mouse model that survives longer and shows fewer symptoms of pemphigus vulgaris.
5 citations
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August 2021 in “Experimental dermatology” Overexpressing Merkel cell virus proteins in human hair follicles can create clusters of cells that resemble Merkel cell cancer.
3 citations
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May 2019 in “BMJ case reports” A boy with severe immune deficiency and Epstein-Barr virus died from high-grade B-cell lymphoma.
March 2021 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Patients with RASopathies have a higher risk of autoimmune disorders and should be routinely screened.
9 citations
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November 2000 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” A woman with a rare type of dermatomyositis improved with low-dose prednisone and methotrexate.
11 citations
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June 2011 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” Skin reactions to drugs are common and can be deadly, usually requiring stopping the drug and may be better prevented with genetic testing in the future.
19 citations
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September 2014 in “JAMA Dermatology” Eosinophilic infiltrate is not a reliable indicator for diagnosing chronic alopecia areata.
717 citations
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June 2010 in “Nature” Alopecia areata involves both innate and adaptive immunity, with specific genes linked to the disease.
August 2009 in “Australian Prescriber” Eculizumab helps reduce blood transfusions and stabilize hemoglobin but increases infection risk and is expensive.
2 citations
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September 2018 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Pemphigus patients with alopecia have more severe and treatment-resistant disease.
March 2019 in “Journal of medical science and clinical research” Skin problems are common and early signs of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, and certain immune system markers are important for diagnosis and treatment.
1 citations
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September 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Anti-Desmocollin 3 antibodies can cause pemphigus-like symptoms in mice.
21 citations
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August 2002 in “British Journal of Ophthalmology” Intralesional cidofovir may be a viable alternative treatment for SCC.
71 citations
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October 2013 in “Experimental Dermatology” Vitiligo and alopecia areata may have similar causes despite their differences.
4 citations
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September 2012 in “Transplant international” Graft rejection in a hand transplant may trigger hair loss due to autoimmune responses.
31 citations
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May 2021 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” APS-1 in Italy shows diverse AIRE mutations and various autoimmune issues.