November 2024 in “Rheumatology Advances in Practice” Monitor for early signs of azathioprine toxicity and check blood counts regularly.
February 2026 in “Cureus” Ciclosporin can cause excessive hair growth even with testosterone blockers.
5 citations
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August 2021 in “Experimental dermatology” Overexpressing Merkel cell virus proteins in human hair follicles can create clusters of cells that resemble Merkel cell cancer.
May 2022 in “Голова и шея.” Checkpoint inhibitor therapy can cause skin issues, from mild rashes to severe reactions.
3 citations
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January 2008 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” A patient's skin rash did not affect the area where a previous viral rash was healing, suggesting a rare immune response.
Alopecia areata patients have higher levels of certain immune receptors, suggesting new treatment possibilities.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The study created special nanoparticles that effectively deliver an anti-inflammatory drug to treat skin inflammation in psoriasis.
December 2023 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” Tofacitinib is effective for treating alopecia areata, and starting treatment early may improve results.
April 2025 in “Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii” JAK inhibitors like tofacitinib are effective and safer for severe alopecia areata than glucocorticosteroids.
48 citations
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November 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Tofacitinib 2% ointment helped hair regrow in 3 out of 10 patients with alopecia areata, but caused side effects like scalp irritation and raised cholesterol in some.
22 citations
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April 2000 in “International Journal of Dermatology” A 78-year-old farmer with lung disease had skin lesions from a fungal infection that healed completely with medication.
August 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” ILC1-like cells can cause alopecia areata by disrupting hair follicle immunity, suggesting a new treatment approach.
2 citations
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April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Tofacitinib helped over half of the patients with severe hair loss regrow at least 50% of their hair.
26 citations
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September 2023 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Regulatory T cells help prevent autoimmunity and have potential for treating autoimmune diseases.
March 2025 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprology” Tofacitinib is effective for treating alopecia totalis and universalis, with some patients experiencing significant hair regrowth.
December 2025 in “Nature Communications” Skin organoids can model tuberculosis infection and help test treatments.
72 citations
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February 2011 in “The American Journal of Dermatopathology” Anti-TNF therapy can cause a unique type of hair loss that may get better with topical treatments without stopping the therapy.
13 citations
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August 2012 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” A rare scalp condition causing hair loss and cysts in young men can be treated effectively with a specific steroid injection.
December 2025 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Trametinib can cause skin issues, but they can often be managed without stopping the drug.
14 citations
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January 2016 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology” Oral cyclosporine is more effective and safer than betamethasone for treating alopecia areata.
February 2026 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Combining triamcinolone acetonide with cryotherapy may reduce scalp hair loss more than using triamcinolone alone.
MTX and GC combinations are the most effective for early rheumatoid arthritis.
Immune therapy for cancer can cause hair loss scars in some patients.
CMV infection increases the risk of GvHD after bone marrow transplants.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine” Topical immunotherapy is still effective for managing alopecia areata, even with new treatments available.
September 2016 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Hair follicles produce IL-7, which is essential for certain skin lymphoma cells to survive.
August 2024 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprology”
April 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Tofacitinib effectively regrows hair in alopecia areata but may need continuous use.
78 citations
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July 1984 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Dithranol reduces inflammation in alopecia areata by lowering certain immune responses.