June 2026 in “Frontiers in Immunology” JAK inhibitors effectively treat inflammatory skin diseases by targeting specific cytokine signals.
31 citations
,
July 1975 in “PubMed” Intensive immunosuppression can reduce relapse rates in multiple sclerosis patients, despite some side effects.
35 citations
,
August 2009 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Melanocytes might be targeted by the immune system in people with alopecia areata, but more research is needed.
1 citations
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June 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Fetal skin has unique immune cells different from adult skin.
September 2016 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which overproduce IFN-α, may play a crucial role in starting alopecia areata, an autoimmune disease causing hair loss.
Androgens reduce macrophage receptor expression, affecting immune response, while antiandrogens counteract this effect.
11 citations
,
March 2020 in “Immunology” Human prenatal skin develops an immune network early on that helps with skin formation and healing without scarring.
25 citations
,
November 2020 in “Cell Reports Medicine” Developing human skin has immune cells with memory-like features.
21 citations
,
November 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology” Sebaceous glands play a key role in skin health, immunity, and various skin diseases.
January 2026 in “Immunity & Inflammation” Autoimmune skin diseases result from genetic and environmental factors disrupting immune checkpoints.
31 citations
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October 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” IL-10 may worsen alopecia areata instead of helping it.
July 2023 in “Nature Immunology” CD8+ virtual memory T cells may cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
June 2025 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” In alopecia areata, certain immune cells increase and express a protein linked to immune activation.
3 citations
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May 2018 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Biopsy can differentiate between alopecia areata and androgenic alopecia, and if more information is needed, testing for CD3 and CD8 can help.
Certain biomarkers can help distinguish between irritant and allergic contact dermatitis.
June 2025 in “Academic Medical Journal” Vitiligo treatments are improving but relapses are common.
March 2026 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” Some patients on immune therapy for melanoma may develop scarring hair loss, but cancer treatment remains effective.
November 2025 in “Advanced Healthcare Materials” Bioprinting is improving skin models for better testing of skin diseases without using animals.
6 citations
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September 2024 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Thyroid and skin autoimmune diseases share genetic and immune links, affecting both tissues.
5 citations
,
June 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology” Increasing Treg cells in the skin does not cure hair loss from alopecia areata in mice.
July 1997 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”
34 citations
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August 2005 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Stress and emotional factors can worsen skin conditions by affecting the immune system.
September 2024 in “South Eastern European Journal of Public Health” Alopecia areata patients have higher IgE and IL-13 levels, suggesting immune involvement.
Iron deficiency worsens inflammatory skin diseases by disrupting iron balance and increasing inflammation.
58 citations
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July 2018 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Alopecia areata severity is linked to increased TH1 and TH2 activity.
Immune therapy for cancer can cause hair loss scars in some patients.
May 2015 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Treatment with biologic agents can significantly improve psoriasis symptoms, and blood biomarkers could potentially predict individual patient's response to treatment.
16 citations
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January 2021 in “Dermatology and therapy” An imbalance in gut bacteria is linked to skin immune diseases and may affect their outcomes and related health issues.
April 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Arg1+ macrophages may play a role in causing alopecia areata.
April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A specific type of immune cells, called CD301b-expressing macrophages, are crucial for skin repair processes.