Accurate diagnosis of cicatricial alopecias requires thorough scalp examination and multiple biopsy techniques.
The document concludes that scientists created various steroids with different properties, including a more effective semi-synthetic vitamin D.
1 citations
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January 2017 in “Science” A new method was developed to create complex molecular knots using iron ions.
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October 2018 in “Physics and chemistry of liquids” Minoxidil dissolves better in ethanol-water mixtures at different temperatures, with water playing a key role.
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November 2004 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair breaks differently when wet or dry and is affected by its condition and treatments like perms and bleaching.
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September 2023 in “Journal of Fluid Mechanics” The homogenization theory effectively describes how flow behaves differently across asymmetric membranes.
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April 2019 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair's internal fibers are arranged in a pattern that doesn't let much water in, and treatments like oils and heat change how much water hair can absorb.
January 2022 in “Physics and Chemistry of Liquids” 15 citations
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May 2009 in “Chemical Physics Letters” A new method accurately measures molecular movement without complex modeling.
December 2025 in “Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering” 9 citations
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January 2023 in “Langmuir” Solubility in skin changes with hydration, affecting chemical absorption.
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September 2012 in “Biomacromolecules” Disulfide bonds make keratin in hair stronger and tougher.
March 2016 in “RepositóriUM (Universidade do Minho)” Molecular dynamics simulations help understand keratin's properties and predict hair's response to treatments.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
December 2023 in “Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin” IPM enhances skin penetration of hydrophilic drugs.
February 2023 in “Default Digital Object Group”
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July 2012 in “Annals of biomedical engineering” Hair absorbs molecules differently based on their size, charge, and love for water, and less at higher pH; this can help make better hair products.
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August 2011 in “Journal of Food Biochemistry” Zinc binds to milk protein α-casein, forming stable complexes that could help fortify milk with zinc to prevent deficiencies.
January 2011 in “Medical Entomology and Zoology” 49 citations
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June 2004 in “Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences” Human hair becomes weaker and stretches more easily at higher temperatures.
Hydrophobic modifications make human hair less affected by water.
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November 2012 in “Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences” Hard α-keratins stay stiff in water because the surrounding matrix keeps them dehydrated and strong.
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November 2004 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” External agents penetrate skin more easily in areas with fewer lipids, especially through hair follicles.
December 2016 in “RepositóriUM (Universidade do Minho)” Simulations of hair keratin help improve disease treatment and cosmetic products.
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September 2018 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” The model better predicts how water-loving and fat-loving substances move through the skin by including tiny pores and hair follicle paths.
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January 2009 in “Journal of S C C J” Changing disulfide bonds in human hair affects its melting behavior and thermal stability.
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January 1968 DMSO causes reversible swelling in hair but has a complex, less reversible effect on skin.
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September 2011 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Desolvation of finasteride depends on environment and technique.