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The document suggests that clinical trials for PCOS should focus on meaningful primary outcomes like live birth rates, rather than less reliable surrogate markers.

The document concludes that eyelash trichomegaly, which is the abnormal growth of eyelashes, can be present from birth, caused by diseases, or result from certain medications.

Msx and Dlx genes are crucial for development, controlling cell behaviors like growth and differentiation through their roles as gene regulators.

Oral retinoids can cause side effects ranging from mild to severe, including birth defects, and require careful monitoring and contraception.

Some skin medications can harm male fertility, but they don't seem to cause birth defects from father's exposure.

Hirsutism is too much hair growth in women like the pattern in men, often caused by high male hormones, and can be treated with hormone control and hair removal methods.

Metformin improved menstrual cycle regularity and signs of hyperandrogenism in adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes but did not improve blood sugar control.

Finasteride can treat prostatic haematuria, but its use is controversial.

Pregnancy can cause skin darkening, varicose veins, more sweating, hair growth, hair loss after birth, nail changes, and gum inflammation.

Heparan sulfate is important for hair growth, preventing new hair formation in mature skin, and controlling oil gland development.

The document concludes that permanent hair loss conditions are complex, require early specific treatments, and "secondary permanent alopecias" might be a more accurate term than "secondary cicatricial alopecia."

Lymph vessels in airways vary by location, with the most in the upper pharynx and changes after birth.

Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.

Early androgen exposure affects hormone receptor expression in adult female rats' brains, but not in males.

Minoxidil effectively treats hair loss, works better for women, and requires consistent use.

Long-lived proteins may predict age-related diseases.

Long COVID is a complex condition with many symptoms and unknowns, needing more research.

Higher hair follicle density leads to more wool in rabbits, influenced by specific genes and lncRNAs.

Type 2 immunity helps control mite growth in hair follicles, preventing damage.

TCF/Lef1 is essential for skin barrier function by regulating lipid metabolism.

A specific group of stem cells can help regenerate hair continuously.

YAP and TAZ proteins control skin cell growth and repair.

MicroRNAs could be key biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PCOS.

A protein called desmoglein 3 is important for keeping hair follicle stem cells inactive and helps in their regeneration.

Long scalp hair evolved for cooling and social signaling.

Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.

Using platelet-rich plasma during cesarean delivery improves wound healing and reduces infections.

Functionalized hydrogels can help heal tissues and fight infections by delivering beneficial bacteria and antimicrobials.

Early hair loss may increase the risk of prostate cancer, especially in African American men and those with frontal baldness.

EGFR helps control how hair grows and forms without needing p53 protein.