40 citations
,
November 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Different melanocyte types in hair follicles either survive or die during the catagen phase.
2 citations
,
May 2023 in “Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery” Light therapy is effective and safe for treating skin color disorders like vitiligo and dark spots.
January 1990 in “대한피부과학회지” Peanut agglutinin staining helps differentiate malignant melanoma from nevocellular nevus.
November 2022 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology/Indian journal of dermatology” Valproic acid can cause dark lines on nails.
2 citations
,
October 2016 in “Nutrition in clinical practice” Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause facial dark spots that go away with treatment.
26 citations
,
December 2022 in “Molecules” Nanotechnology can improve treatments for skin discoloration.
13 citations
,
July 2012 in “Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research” A mutation in the Adam10 gene causes freckle-like spots on Hairless mice.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine” PP-PTKL may help treat hair greying, but more testing is needed.
1 citations
,
January 2018 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Increased PHGDH expression causes early melanin buildup in hair follicles.
8 citations
,
April 2016 in “Experimental dermatology” B6.Cg-Tyr c−2J Hr hr /J mice have a stronger delayed sunburn reaction and are good for UV research.
7 citations
,
August 2013 in “Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine” 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 helps melanocyte precursors from hair follicles grow and produce melanin, aiding vitiligo treatment understanding.
10 citations
,
December 2008 in “Molecular Carcinogenesis” The PML protein helps prevent skin cancer in mice.
10 citations
,
May 2012 in “PloS one” Low ERCC3 gene activity is linked to non-pigmented hair growth.
January 2025 in “Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences” BMP4 helps stem cells turn into pigment-producing cells, affecting hair color and growth.
48 citations
,
March 1997 in “Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Vitiligo causes white skin patches but can be treated in many ways.
74 citations
,
July 1995 in “PubMed” Lowering homocyst(e)ine levels can reverse skin and hair lightening by restoring enzyme activity needed for pigmentation.
3 citations
,
May 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Skin lesions in Carney Complex are caused by a gene change in some skin cells that leads to increased pigmentation and may lead to tumors.
75 citations
,
March 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The transgene likely activated an oncogene or interrupted a tumor suppressor gene, causing melanoma in mice.
May 2024 in “Pigment International” Several treatments are effective for pigmentary disorders like vitiligo and melasma.
13 citations
,
January 2009 in “The Open Dermatology Journal” Oral pigmentation can be a sign of Addison's disease.
7 citations
,
December 1981 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Understanding genes can help diagnose and treat skin color disorders.
MITF and WNT3A are key in Dun Mongolian horse pigmentation.
4 citations
,
March 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” SPRY1 deficiency in skin cells causes stem cells to move to the skin surface, leading to increased pigmentation.
27 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Where melanoma is on the body affects survival chances; melanomas on the back of the head are worse, while those on thighs and arms are less severe, and more sun exposure might improve survival.
January 2016 in “Xumu Shouyi Xuebao” Keratinocytes can reduce the survival of certain melanoma cells, suggesting new therapy paths.
January 2010 in “Pharmacy Today” Collagen reduces skin melanin, boosts antioxidants, and improves skin moisture.
January 2010 in “Chinese Journal of Aesthetic Medicine” Melasma skin has more melanin and signs of aging, with strong CK10 expression linked to cell differentiation and aging.
2 citations
,
November 2024 in “JAAD reviews.” Certain drugs can change hair color, either lightening or darkening it.
January 2026 in “Figshare” Finasteride can cause melasma, especially in people with darker skin.