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GlossaryDNA Methyltransferase 1

maintains DNA methylation patterns during cell division

DNA Methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in maintaining DNA methylation patterns during cell division. It adds methyl groups to the cytosine bases of DNA, which can regulate gene expression by turning genes on or off. This process is essential for normal development, genomic stability, and cellular differentiation.

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Progressive Alopecia Reveals Decreasing Stem Cell Activation Probability During Aging of Mice with Epidermal Deletion of DNA Methyltransferase 1

research Progressive Alopecia Reveals Decreasing Stem Cell Activation Probability during Aging of Mice with Epidermal Deletion of DNA Methyltransferase 1

72 citations , July 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Mice lacking a key DNA methylation enzyme in skin cells have a lower chance of activating stem cells necessary for hair growth, leading to progressive hair loss.

research OCT4 maintains self-renewal and reverses senescence in human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells through the downregulation of p21 by DNA methyltransferases

57 citations , January 2019 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

OCT4 helps hair stem cells renew and fight aging, potentially aiding hair regrowth.

research DNA Methyltransferases in Malar Melasma and Their Modification by Sunscreen in Combination with 4% Niacinamide, 0.05% Retinoic Acid, or Placebo

20 citations , April 2019 in “BioMed Research International”

Treatments with sunscreen and active ingredients can reduce skin hyperpigmentation by decreasing DNA methylation.

research 1336 The de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A is required for epidermal homeostasis

April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

DNMT3A is crucial for healthy skin and hair growth.

research Progressive Alopecia Reveals Decreasing Stem Cell Activation Probability during Aging of Mice with Epidermal Deletion of DNA Methyltransferase 1

1 citations , September 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Aging reduces stem cell activation, leading to hair loss in mice lacking a specific enzyme.

H3K9me3 Methyltransferase SETDB1 Controls Retrotransposon Silencing, DNA Methylation, Constitutive Heterochromatin Maintenance and 3D-Chromatin Structure in Epidermal Keratinocytes

research 766 H3K9me3 methyltransferase SETDB1 controls retrotransposon silencing, DNA methylation, constitutive heterochromatin maintenance and 3D-chromatin structure in epidermal keratinocytes

April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

SETDB1 is essential for controlling DNA methylation, silencing retrotransposons, and maintaining skin cell health, with its absence leading to skin inflammation and hair loss.

research Anagen effluvium due to azathioprine in a patient with normal thiopurine S-methyltransferase levels: A videodermoscopic analysis

October 2022 in “International journal of dermatology and venereology”

A woman's sudden hair loss was linked to azathioprine use despite normal enzyme levels, and improved after stopping the drug and starting treatment.

research DNA Methylation as an Epigenetic Memory Keeper during Skin Development and Regeneration

1 citations , January 2018 in “Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine”

DNA methylation is essential for skin and hair follicle development, and could be a target for treating skin diseases.

research Dermal EZH2 orchestrates dermal differentiation and epidermal proliferation during murine skin development

6 citations , June 2021 in “Developmental biology”

Dermal EZH2 controls skin cell development and hair growth in mice.

research EZH1 and EZH2 cogovern histone H3K27 trimethylation and are essential for hair follicle homeostasis and wound repair

354 citations , February 2011 in “Genes & Development”

EZH1 and EZH2 are crucial for healthy hair growth and skin repair.

research Epigenetic control of adult stem cell function

179 citations , July 2016 in “Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology”

Epigenetic changes control how adult stem cells work and can lead to diseases like cancer if they go wrong.

Epidermal Stem Cells Are Defined by Global Histone Modifications Altered by Myc-Induced Differentiation

research Epidermal Stem Cells Are Defined by Global Histone Modifications that Are Altered by Myc-Induced Differentiation

98 citations , August 2007 in “PLoS ONE”

Myc changes chromatin in stem cells, causing them to leave their niche.

Hypothalamic DNA Methylation in Rats with Dihydrotestosterone-Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Effects of Low-Frequency Electro-Acupuncture

research Hypothalamic DNA methylation in rats with dihydrotestosterone‐induced polycystic ovary syndrome: effects of low‐frequency electro‐acupuncture

18 citations , September 2018 in “Experimental physiology”

Electro-acupuncture may help treat PCOS in rats by changing brain DNA methylation.

research Examination of epigenetic inhibitor zebularine in treatment of skin wounds in healthy and diabetic mice

6 citations , November 2022 in “Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine”

Zebularine improved skin structure but delayed wound healing in diabetic mice.

research Epigenetic regulations on skin wound healing: implications from current researches.

5 citations , September 2015 in “PubMed”

Epigenetic changes are crucial for stem cell behavior in skin wound healing and their disruption may lead to cancer.

research 0843 N6-methyladenosine RNA modification promotes keratinocyte proliferation and cutaneous wound repair through regulation of MTOR stability

1 citations , July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Increasing m6A levels can improve skin cell growth and wound healing.

research Epigenetic Modulation of ESR1 and DNMT3A Following Finasteride Exposure: Implications for Female Reproductive Function

May 2026 in “Physiology”

Finasteride may affect female fertility by altering gene activity.

research ASH2L mediates epidermal differentiation and hair follicle morphogenesis via H3K4me3 modification

April 2024 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

ASH2L is essential for skin and hair development.

research Serotoninergic and melatoninergic systems are fully expressed in human skin

249 citations , April 2002 in “The FASEB journal”

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.

research Study on Histamine Related Enzyme Activities during Murine Hair Cycle.

4 citations , January 1997 in “EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS”

Histamine and its enzyme may help start hair regrowth.

research Attenzione divisa nei pazienti con cerebrolesione acquisita

January 2008 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry”

Finasteride may cause sexual and psychological side effects by affecting an enzyme related to epinephrine.

research Finasteride inhibits epinephrine synthesis in humans: implication for sexual dysfunction

May 2022 in “Endocrine Abstracts”

Finasteride may cause sexual dysfunction by reducing epinephrine levels.

research Identification and Characterization of Two Se6OMTs from Stephania epigaea Offer Novel Insights into the Biosynthetic Pathway of Cepharanthine

3 citations , February 2025 in “Metabolites”

The research found enzymes in Stephania epigaea that help make cepharanthine.

research The effect of DNMTs and MBPs on hypomethylation in systemic lupus erythematosus

6 citations , November 2008 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

Certain proteins involved in DNA modification may affect the genetic changes in systemic lupus erythematosus and could indicate the disease's activity.

METTL1-Mediated m7G tRNA Modification Drives Papillary Thyroid Cancer Progression and Metastasis by Regulating the Codon-Specific Translation of TNF-α

research METTL1-mediated m7G tRNA modification drives papillary thyroid cancer progression and metastasis by regulating the codon-specific translation of TNF-α

3 citations , May 2025 in “Cell Death and Disease”

Targeting METTL1 may help slow papillary thyroid cancer growth and spread.

research MLL histone methylases in estrogen‐mediated regulation of HOX genes involved in hair follicle development and leukemia

3 citations , April 2010 in “The FASEB Journal”

Estrogen and MLL enzymes work together to regulate genes important for hair growth and leukemia.

research Acetate meliorates depressive-like behaviour in a rat model of PCOS through suppression of HDAC2 expression and DNA methylation

1 citations , May 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)”

Acetate helps reduce depression in rats with PCOS by lowering specific gene expression and DNA changes in the brain.

The Editor's Choice: Summary of Studies on Skin and Hair Conditions

research The Editor's Choice

June 2018 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

UV radiation may cause DNA changes in skin, certain UVB therapy helps psoriasis, a new gene mutation is linked to mild piebaldism, different immune cells affect psoriasis, a drug promotes hair growth, and some cancer drugs could treat skin barrier issues.

research Erasing the methyl mark: histone demethylases at the center of cellular differentiation and disease

667 citations , May 2008 in “Genes & Development”

Histone demethylases can change gene expression and may be linked to diseases like cancer.

Standard DNA Methylation Analysis in Mouse Epidermis: Bisulfite Sequencing, Methylation-Specific PCR, and 5-Methyl-Cytosine Immunological Detection

research Standard DNA Methylation Analysis in Mouse Epidermis: Bisulfite Sequencing, Methylation-Specific PCR, and 5-Methyl-Cytosine (5mC) Immunological Detection

7 citations , October 2013 in “Methods in molecular biology”

These methods help understand DNA changes in mouse skin.