14 citations
,
March 2023 in “Scientific Reports” Oxidative stress, not insulin resistance, is significantly related to free androgen index in PCOS.
14 citations
,
February 2016 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Blood tests are needed to confirm high male hormone levels in women with PCOS, as physical signs alone are not reliable.
14 citations
,
September 2015 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets” The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.
13 citations
,
March 2019 in “Physiological Research” Overweight women with PCOS have higher levels of certain hormones that could indicate a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.
12 citations
,
August 2011 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Anti-Müllerian hormone is a specific marker for ovarian issues in women with conditions like PCOS.
11 citations
,
October 2018 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Women with PCOS have similar bone density to healthy women, but those who are obese have higher bone density at some body sites.
10 citations
,
January 2018 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” The document concludes that women with PCOS need a comprehensive care model that covers reproductive, metabolic, and psychological health to improve their quality of life.
9 citations
,
February 2013 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Mutations in the CYP21A2 gene are not a major factor in causing PCOS.
8 citations
,
October 2010 in “Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation” Normal-range ALT levels can indicate metabolic and hormonal imbalances in young women.
7 citations
,
May 2019 in “Journal of the Formosan Medical Association” HSD3B1 gene variant and being overweight linked to hair loss in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
7 citations
,
December 2014 in “Australasian journal of dermatology” Insulin resistance is not more common in idiopathic hirsutism patients than in healthy individuals.
6 citations
,
December 2015 in “JAMA” The woman's high testosterone levels indicated PCOS, leading to treatment that improved her symptoms.
5 citations
,
April 2013 in “Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care” The document concludes that early and personalized treatment for PCOS in adolescents is crucial to manage symptoms and prevent long-term health issues.
4 citations
,
May 2025 in “Open Access Journal of Contraception” Low-dose ethinyl estradiol and LNG-IUD are safer contraception options for obese women with PCOS.
4 citations
,
August 2018 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Women with PCOS have more insulin resistance and are more likely to have heart-related health issues, with insulin resistance being a bigger factor than β-cell problems.
3 citations
,
June 2023 in “European heart journal open” Women with irregular periods have a higher risk of heart disease.
3 citations
,
March 2018 in “Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing” Continuing education programs significantly increased rural nurse practitioners' knowledge about PCOS.
1 citations
,
September 2016 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” The study found no significant link between Helicobacter pylori infection and polycystic ovary syndrome in young females.
December 2025 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” High chromogranin A levels are linked to obesity and inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome.
March 2024 in “Biomedical reports” Isoflavone may help manage PCOS symptoms, but its effectiveness is uncertain.
January 2024 in “Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation” No significant vocal differences were found in people with PCOS compared to others.
PCOS requires personalized treatment to improve life quality and reduce health risks.
June 2022 in “Biomedical reports” STK11 gene variations do not predict how well metformin will work for PCOS, but may affect hair loss and excess hair growth.
June 2022 in “Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine” Acupressure improves quality of life in PCOS patients.
633 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” PCOS affects a similar percentage of Black and White women in the Southeastern United States.
418 citations
,
June 2003 in “Endocrine Reviews” While PCOS might increase the risk of heart disease, there's not strong evidence to prove it causes earlier heart problems.
282 citations
,
October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
254 citations
,
September 2014 in “Menopause” The NAMS 2014 recommendations guide healthcare providers on treating health issues in midlife women, emphasizing individualized care and informed decision-making.
251 citations
,
October 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.
232 citations
,
December 2005 in “Andrology” PCOS is caused by both genetics and environmental factors like diet and obesity.