88 citations
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September 2003 in “Clinical endocrinology” Hormone treatment for transsexual individuals is effective but carries risks like thromboembolic events and mood changes, with most side effects being minor and reversible.
7 citations
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September 2023 in “Cancer Treatment Reviews” Managing side effects of endocrine therapy is crucial to improve adherence and survival in breast cancer patients.
7 citations
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October 2019 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine” Chinese medicine may help hair growth and reduce hair loss in androgenetic alopecia.
29 citations
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July 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.
2295 citations
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August 2012 in “The international journal of transgenderism/International journal of transgenderism” The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.
441 citations
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May 2008 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.
86 citations
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May 2013 in “American journal of obstetrics and gynecology” Gynecologists should provide comprehensive care for transgender patients, including mental health evaluation, hormone therapy, and surgical options, while monitoring for side effects and ensuring patient safety.
50 citations
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May 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Non-binary transgender individuals need personalized hormonal treatments for better well-being and quality of life.
35 citations
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April 2013 in “Sexual medicine reviews” 5-alpha reductase inhibitors slightly increase the risk of sexual and mood side effects, and breast growth in men.
9 citations
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November 2018 in “International Journal of Medical Reviews” Young men's sexual dysfunction often has physical causes, which can lead to stress and worsen the problem.
September 2023 in “Repository of the University of Primorsk (University of Primorska)” Following national healthy eating guidelines can help reduce risks from gender-affirming hormone therapy.
December 2018 in “Evidence-Based Practice” Topical minoxidil 1% and 2% are twice as effective as placebo for female pattern hair loss.
158 citations
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February 2000 in “Archives of dermatology” Some people with pattern hair loss may also have scalp inflammation and scarring similar to lichen planopilaris.
9 citations
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August 2024 in “Pharmacological Reviews” The intestinal lymphatic system is active and promising for targeted drug delivery and therapies.
April 2024 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.
11 citations
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November 2009 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Bolandiol, a synthetic steroid, builds muscle and bone without greatly affecting sex glands, and works differently from other hormones.
1 citations
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October 2025 in “Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine” Anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse can cause heart damage and sudden death.
2 citations
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January 1990 1 citations
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February 2023 in “Journal of Athletic Training” Athletic trainers should understand and support the medical needs of transgender and gender-diverse patients.
15 citations
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September 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Hormone therapy increases the risk of heart-related issues in transgender women and may affect heart health in transgender men.
3 citations
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November 2024 in “Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal” Anabolic-androgenic steroids can harm women's health and their offspring.
February 2026 in “British Journal of Sports Medicine” Transgender women have similar fitness to cisgender women, while transgender men have higher fat and lower strength than cisgender men; hormone therapy affects body composition and strength.
Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. may help treat hair loss by affecting specific biological pathways.
July 2025 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach and informed consent for gender-affirming hormone treatment, with regular follow-ups and individualized care.
19 citations
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February 2021 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” More research is needed on the health effects of hormone therapy for transgender and nonbinary people.
9 citations
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August 2021 in “Biomedicines” 17β-estradiol boosts APE1/Ref-1 secretion in cells and mice via a calcium-dependent pathway.
5 citations
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December 2022 in “The journal of the Intensive Care Society/Journal of the Intensive Care Society” Transgender patients in critical care need better-trained medical staff and specific guidelines.
November 2023 in “Australasian journal of dermatology” Dermatologists are essential in helping transgender and gender diverse patients with skin and hair issues related to gender affirmation and hormone therapy.
42 citations
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July 1982 in “PubMed” Loestrin effectively normalizes testosterone levels and improves PCOS symptoms with minimal side effects.
The oral testosterone effectively increased testosterone levels and reduced SHBG, showing promise for treating testosterone deficiency.