November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” An 8-year-old boy's early puberty was caused by a rare hormone-secreting brain tumor, which was successfully treated with surgery.
13 citations
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January 2019 in “Endocrine journal” Dihydrotestosterone treatment can help penis growth in boys with 5α-reductase deficiency but doesn't fully normalize size after puberty.
1 citations
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April 2021 in “Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology” Testosterone plays a big role in heart and nervous system damage caused by inflammation in male rats, suggesting that blocking testosterone production could help manage this condition.
May 2025 in “Neuropharmacology” Finasteride reduced seizures and prevented cognitive issues in rats after neonatal asphyxia but increased anxiety later.
162 citations
,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
August 2003 in “Oncology Times” The trial on testosterone replacement therapy in older men faced concerns due to prostate cancer risk.
12 citations
,
February 1975 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry”
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy improved symptoms in a woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
March 2024 in “Revista Ciências da Saúde CEUMA” Testosterone increases sexual behavior in female capuchin monkeys.
81 citations
,
May 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.
5 citations
,
April 2014 in “International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology” Prepubertal girls with hypertrichosis have more sensitive androgen receptors, leading to increased body hair growth.
46 citations
,
December 1992 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Affected males are born with ambiguous genitalia, raised as females, but develop male traits at puberty due to enzyme deficiency.
25 citations
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March 2004 in “Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology” Using testosterone-stimulated weanling rats can effectively replace castrated rats for anti-androgen testing, reducing animal stress.
34 citations
,
January 2004 in “PubMed” DHT deficiency in rats reduces sperm content and affects testis structure over time.
1 citations
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March 2025 in “Archivos Argentinos de Pediatria” Exposure to certain chemicals in food and containers may increase the risk of early breast development in young girls.
49 citations
,
February 2009 in “Maturitas” Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.
18 citations
,
January 2013 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Neonatal neurosteroid levels affect adult brain function and behavior.
September 2018 in “Fertility and Sterility” African American women have a higher risk of preterm delivery than Caucasian women, and inflammatory stimuli affect gene expression in cells related to PCOS, showing a heightened inflammatory state in women with PCOS.
Neonatal allopregnanolone and stress affect behavior differently in adolescence and adulthood.
24 citations
,
December 2012 in “Behavioural Brain Research” Changing Allopregnanolone levels in newborns affects adult behavior and anxiety.
155 citations
,
October 2002 in “The FASEB Journal” Heart-specific steroid metabolism is crucial in cardiac hypertrophy.
100 citations
,
April 2007 in “Neuroscience” Reducing neurosteroid levels worsens brain injury in fetal sheep.
Finasteride may affect female fertility by altering gene activity.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Certain drugs can cause male infertility, so fertility counseling and sperm preservation are advised.
3 citations
,
September 2020 in “Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics/Journal of developmental & behavioral pediatrics” The document discusses a young boy with autism and early puberty but does not provide a conclusion on managing his behavior.
6 citations
,
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
54 citations
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November 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Females with 5 alpha-reductase-2 deficiency have less body hair, no acne, normal fertility, and delayed menarche.
September 1978 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” 5α-reductase-2 deficiency causes ambiguous genitalia at birth and affects male sexual development, but individuals often develop male characteristics at puberty.