9 citations
,
August 1952 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A 17-year-old female with adrenogenital syndrome produces very high levels of androgens, which prevent complete feminization despite high estrogen doses.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 12-year-old boy with PAIS successfully developed male characteristics using high-dose testosterone and anastrozole.
30 citations
,
April 2014 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is hard because its symptoms often look like normal puberty, and there's a need for better diagnosis methods and agreement on criteria.
October 2021 in “Turkderm” Hormonal imbalances, not insulin resistance or dyslipidemia, may be more important in causing acne in women over 25.
5 citations
,
January 1989 Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone slow hair cell growth, while estradiol has no effect.
May 2025 in “Anatolian journal of obstetrics and gynecology research.” Androgens affect many aspects of female health, and more research is needed to understand their roles and treatment potential.
9 citations
,
September 2010 in “Immunology Endocrine & Metabolic Agents - Medicinal Chemistry” Sex hormones influence immune responses and may help treat diseases.
147 citations
,
October 2004 in “Experimental dermatology” Hormones like testosterone affect skin functions and can cause skin issues when in excess; treatments to manage these effects are only somewhat effective.
Male goat smell increases reaction in young female goats' noses but doesn't cause them to start puberty early.
December 1976 in “PubMed” Androgens affect skin conditions like acne and hirsutism, treatable with hormone therapy and other methods.
April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Androgens increase growth factors in skin cells, which may lead to acne.
1 citations
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January 1971 Hormones, especially androgens, affect hair growth and can cause hair loss or excess hair in both men and women.
January 2025 in “ARC Journal of Dermatology” Transgender youth on hormone therapy need personalized acne treatments and supportive care.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Hirsutism in young girls can have causes other than PCOS, so diagnoses should be reassessed if treatments don't work.
6 citations
,
March 2024 in “The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health” 16 citations
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August 1989 in “Human Reproduction” Hirsutism in females is caused by high male hormones or sensitive hair follicles.
2 citations
,
March 2003 in “Endocrine Practice” The woman's symptoms and tests suggest her adrenal glands are producing too many male hormones.
25 citations
,
June 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Human sebaceous glands contain enzymes that affect androgen production and may influence sebum production and acne.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's high testosterone and related symptoms were caused by overactive cells in her ovaries.
July 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Androgens like testosterone affect skin health and can lead to conditions such as acne and hair loss, with various treatments available.
1 citations
,
April 2024 in “Archives of disease in childhood” Many children and teens referred to gender services receive hormone treatments, but more research is needed on their long-term care and outcomes.
13 citations
,
December 2018 in “Development, Growth & Differentiation” Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.
February 2024 in “Pediatrics in review” A 15-year-old girl with missed periods was diagnosed with a pituitary disorder and treated with hormones and steroids.
7 citations
,
September 2022 in “Communications biology” Omega-6 fats in certain cells boost male hormone production.
24 citations
,
May 1951 in “Endocrinology” Adrenocorticotropic hormone inhibits growth and affects body composition in male rats.
59 citations
,
January 1976 in “Vitamins and hormones” Prostate cells have proteins that bind to specific hormones, which can increase protein production when activated by these hormones.
25 citations
,
December 2009 in “Developmental Neurobiology” Androgens are essential for maintaining adult neuromuscular structure.
146 citations
,
January 2004 in “Hormones” Human skin acts like a hormone-producing organ, making and managing various hormones important for skin and hair health.
3 citations
,
October 2022 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Male hormones may increase the severity and death rates of COVID-19.
2170 citations
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September 2017 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for safe and effective hormone treatment in gender-dysphoric individuals, with specific guidelines for adolescents and adults.