September 2025 in “Science Advances” PADI4 enzyme slows down cell growth in developing hair follicles.
April 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Arg1+ macrophages may play a role in causing alopecia areata.
October 2025 in “Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics” A novel CLDN1 mutation in a 2-month-old with NISCH showed improvement with symptom management.
218 citations
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December 2011 in “Advances in Urology” The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” BRG1 is essential for skin cells to move and heal wounds properly.
6 citations
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March 2024 in “SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine” Ritlecitinib is effective for long-term treatment of severe alopecia areata.
August 2020 in “Pakistan Journal of Zoology” A new mutation in the Hairless gene causes hair loss in two Pakistani families.
3 citations
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November 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Over 45% of patients with alopecia areata benefit from ritlecitinib, mostly within a year.
10 citations
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February 2019 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Specific RNA patterns are linked to alopecia areata.
2 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” The gene HDC is important for the development of hair follicles in newborn mice.
1 citations
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October 2024 in “Medicina” CLEC4D gene variants may increase the risk of alopecia areata in Jordanians.
September 2025 in “Genes & Diseases” Lgr6+ cells are important for tissue repair and could be a target for treating cancer and other diseases.
2 citations
,
March 2025 in “Journal of Translational Autoimmunity” Targeting the AhR pathway may help treat alopecia areata.
5 citations
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September 2015 in “BMC Medical Genetics” The EDAR gene mutation leads to thinner and more deformed hair shafts.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Reduced AhR signaling in HS tunnels leads to persistent inflammation and microbial imbalance.
77 citations
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June 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” CD44 variant changes start alopecia areata, but don't maintain it.
1 citations
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July 2015 in “Microscopy Research and Technique” Friedreich's ataxia causes thin, weak hair with surface damage and cavities.
21 citations
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December 1994 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
6 citations
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March 2016 in “PLoS ONE” The patient's hair was thinner and had fewer lipids due to a genetic mutation.
19 citations
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July 2020 in “EBioMedicine” A gene variant increases the risk of a type of hair loss by affecting hair protein production.
9 citations
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July 2011 in “Scientific Reports” Changes in the HR gene have influenced hair growth and may lead to hair loss conditions in humans.
Blocking 11β-HSD1 reduces stress hormone damage in hair growth cells.
39 citations
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February 1990 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Trichohyalin, a hair follicle protein, has a part with repeating patterns of 23 amino acids.
68 citations
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August 2009 in “American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A” A new classification for trichothiodystrophy helps identify genetic causes and potential treatments.
59 citations
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November 2002 in “Pediatric Dermatology” A 19-month-old Saudi girl had a rare skin condition with no other defects, and her family was unaffected.
April 2025 in “Experimental Eye Research” The Oat mouse model shows mild retinal degeneration, useful for testing treatments.
80 citations
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April 2017 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” PDRN helps repair tissue and improve wound healing with a high safety profile.
54 citations
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July 2017 in “Scientific Reports” JMJD3 and NF-κB activate Notch1, which is essential for skin cell movement and wound healing.
23 citations
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December 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology” A new gene mutation linked to a skin condition was found in a Spanish family.
As people age, certain enzymes in scalp glands decrease, affecting hair health.