4 citations
,
January 2013 in “PubMed” Testosterone and finasteride raise insulin and zinc, lower chromium in male rats.
4 citations
,
August 2024 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Low testosterone increases kidney stone risk in men not on testosterone therapy.
4 citations
,
May 2024 in “Steroids” The method accurately measures sex hormones in human plasma but can have small errors.
1 citations
,
August 2013 in “PubMed” Testosterone changes reduce thyroxin levels in rats.
16 citations
,
February 2018 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women is complex and requires accurate testing methods and consideration of SHBG levels.
May 2022 in “Reactions Weekly”
April 2012 in “Journal of IMAB” Men with male pattern baldness don't necessarily have high levels of Dehydroepyandrosterone-sulfate, and there's no link between its levels and the severity of hair loss.
1 citations
,
October 2025 in “EBioMedicine” Women have a higher DHT/testosterone ratio than men, possibly due to gut bacteria activity.
Increased free testosterone can lead to stronger bones and less body fat but also higher risks of prostate cancer, hair loss, spine issues, and high blood pressure.
1 citations
,
December 2019 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Higher androgen levels during puberty are linked to shorter adult height in boys with Silver-Russell syndrome.
February 2017 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Long-term testosterone treatment helps men with low testosterone levels lose weight.
March 2004 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Testosterone's role in women's sex drive is unclear and needs more research, as low levels don't always mean less sexual interest and high levels can cause side effects.
1 citations
,
October 2020 Hair can reliably measure average estradiol levels over months in humans and monkeys.
January 2018 in “Journal of translational science” Eating alfalfa sprouts every day can raise testosterone levels in middle-aged men, but broccoli sprouts don't have this effect.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
April 2022 in “Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology” PSA can help diagnose high androgen levels in women.
282 citations
,
October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
19 citations
,
April 2018 in “Clinical cardiology” Older men with low levels of a testosterone byproduct had a higher chance of developing an irregular heartbeat.
5 citations
,
December 2004 in “Dermatology” Two women with very high androgen levels had only slight skin issues, one due to a non-classical adrenal disorder and the other due to an adrenal tumor.
54 citations
,
November 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Females with 5 alpha-reductase-2 deficiency have less body hair, no acne, normal fertility, and delayed menarche.
3 citations
,
December 2000 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The study created a new method to test drugs that affect hormone processing in skin.
12 citations
,
March 2010 in “Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances” Young and adult hamsters both respond similarly to testosterone and finasteride treatments, but young hamsters aren't good for testing the inhibitory activity of a specific enzyme.
8 citations
,
March 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.
46 citations
,
November 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Men with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism have partial steroid deficiencies, while those with panhypopituitarism have severe deficiencies.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's severe male-like symptoms were caused by a rare, benign tumor in her ovary that produced male hormones.
8 citations
,
March 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone have similar effects on body composition and metabolic health in men.
7 citations
,
December 2014 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” LC-MS/MS is more reliable than immunoassays for diagnosing 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
89 citations
,
December 1998 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Human hair can be used to measure reproductive hormones.
14 citations
,
September 2007 in “Steroids” The study concluded that androstendione and DHEA are important for diagnosing high male hormone levels in women with excessive hair growth.
November 2025 in “BMC Endocrine Disorders” The TT/DHT ratio may help identify PCOS patients with severe metabolic issues.