4 citations
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August 2024 in “PLoS ONE” Both injectable contraceptives lower testosterone and SHBG levels, with NET-EN having a greater effect than DMPA-IM.
2 citations
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June 2022 in “대한스포츠의학회지” Anabolic steroids boost muscle growth, SARMs increase muscle mass and bone density without side effects, and myostatin inhibitors block a protein that stops muscle growth, but each has potential risks.
1 citations
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January 2024 in “Journal of personalized medicine” Hormonal imbalances during menopause may significantly contribute to Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
7 citations
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June 2024 in “iScience” Androgens increase cervical cancer risk and affect its development.
8 citations
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July 2019 in “Journal of Molecular Neuroscience” 2 citations
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July 2025 in “Forensic Sciences” Anabolic-androgenic steroids can damage the brain, causing mood and cognitive problems.
1 citations
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September 2020 in “Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports” The conclusion is that thorough investigation of hypertension and hormonal dysfunctions is important, and there may be a link between these conditions and cancer.
April 2024 in “Prostate international” Male pattern baldness does not cause an increased risk of prostate cancer.
June 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” Men and women respond differently to drugs for COVID-19, high cholesterol, and diabetes, which suggests a need for personalized treatments.
10 citations
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July 2022 in “BMC Biology” Sex-limited chromosomes can affect traits not related to reproduction.
1 citations
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October 2025 in “Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine” Anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse can cause heart damage and sudden death.
January 2016 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.
41 citations
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March 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” In STSD patients, the body compensates for low androgen levels by increasing another enzyme's activity.
27 citations
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February 2014 in “BMC Cancer” Circadian rhythm disruption, chronic inflammation, hormones, metabolism, and genetics may increase prostate cancer risk.
6 citations
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October 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” Prostaglandins and the enzyme AKR1C3 could play a role in skin cancer and hair loss, and further research is needed to understand these mechanisms.
November 2025 in “Cancers” Men with male pattern baldness may have a slightly higher risk of prostate cancer.
90 citations
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December 2007 in “Current Oncology” Non-hormonal treatments should be used first for sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal breast cancer patients on aromatase inhibitors, with hormones as a second option.
710 citations
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May 2023 in “European Urology” Prostate cancer is common, but risk can be reduced by avoiding smoking, unhealthy diet, inactivity, certain medications, and risky jobs.
29 citations
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March 2010 in “Cancer epidemiology” Men who start losing hair at age 30 may have a lower risk of prostate cancer.
17 citations
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February 2019 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” AKR1D1 controls glucocorticoid levels and receptor activity in liver cells.
5 citations
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January 2025 in “Cancers” Improving treatment plans can reduce hair loss and improve life quality for ovarian cancer patients.
1 citations
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January 2025 in “Medicine” Targeting SOX proteins may improve cancer treatment by restoring immune function.
1 citations
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February 2023 in “Plants” BB4CMU rice bran oil may help treat hair loss and gray hair.
19 citations
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June 2021 in “The world journal of men's health” Using anabolic-androgenic steroids can harm men's reproductive health and increase the risk of heart problems and death.
January 2026 in “Immunological Reviews” Females generally have stronger immune responses than males due to the X chromosome.
57 citations
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February 1983 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Dihydrotestosterone increases the activity of an enzyme in pubic skin cells that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.
10 citations
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December 2020 in “Frontiers in Medicine” Men are more at risk for severe COVID-19 due to biological differences, suggesting the need for targeted treatments.
7 citations
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September 2023 in “Cancer Treatment Reviews” Managing side effects of endocrine therapy is crucial to improve adherence and survival in breast cancer patients.