13 citations
,
June 2017 in “Biochimie open” All five human steroid 5α-reductase enzymes are found in the endoplasmic reticulum.
2 citations
,
May 2024 in “European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education” Many bodybuilders in Sergipe, Brazil use anabolic steroids, facing health risks like acne, irritability, and hypertension.
March 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Surgery removed ovarian tumors, normalizing testosterone and improving symptoms.
October 2020 in “Authorea (Authorea)” Men and women react differently to opioids, with hormones potentially influencing these differences.
21 citations
,
April 2016 in “International Journal of Oncology” GnRH treatment can reduce breast cancer cell invasion.
2 citations
,
January 2021 in “Cureus” Long-term anabolic steroid use can lead to heart and metabolic health issues.
9 citations
,
February 2022 in “Biomolecules” Drinking a lot of alcohol increases the risk of prostate cancer and can worsen the condition.
3 citations
,
November 2024 in “Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal” Anabolic-androgenic steroids can harm women's health and their offspring.
22 citations
,
January 2021 in “Clinical Therapeutics” Men face more severe COVID-19 outcomes, while women are more likely to have long-term symptoms.
19 citations
,
November 2021 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone may affect COVID-19 severity differently in men and women, potentially influencing prevention and treatment strategies.
8 citations
,
December 2022 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” Sex hormones' effects on COVID-19 are unclear and more research is needed to understand their potential as treatment.
4 citations
,
August 2024 in “PLoS ONE” Both injectable contraceptives lower testosterone and SHBG levels, with NET-EN having a greater effect than DMPA-IM.
2 citations
,
June 2022 in “대한스포츠의학회지” Anabolic steroids boost muscle growth, SARMs increase muscle mass and bone density without side effects, and myostatin inhibitors block a protein that stops muscle growth, but each has potential risks.
1 citations
,
January 2024 in “Journal of personalized medicine” Hormonal imbalances during menopause may significantly contribute to Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia.
January 2024 in “Biology of sex differences” Dihydrotestosterone makes arteries stiffer in female mice by reducing estrogen receptor expression.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
7 citations
,
June 2024 in “iScience” Androgens increase cervical cancer risk and affect its development.
8 citations
,
July 2019 in “Journal of Molecular Neuroscience” 2 citations
,
July 2025 in “Forensic Sciences” Anabolic-androgenic steroids can damage the brain, causing mood and cognitive problems.
1 citations
,
September 2020 in “Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports” The conclusion is that thorough investigation of hypertension and hormonal dysfunctions is important, and there may be a link between these conditions and cancer.
April 2024 in “Prostate international” Male pattern baldness does not cause an increased risk of prostate cancer.
June 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” Men and women respond differently to drugs for COVID-19, high cholesterol, and diabetes, which suggests a need for personalized treatments.
10 citations
,
July 2022 in “BMC Biology” Sex-limited chromosomes can affect traits not related to reproduction.
1 citations
,
October 2025 in “Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine” Anabolic-androgenic steroid abuse can cause heart damage and sudden death.
January 2016 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.
41 citations
,
March 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” In STSD patients, the body compensates for low androgen levels by increasing another enzyme's activity.
27 citations
,
February 2014 in “BMC Cancer” Circadian rhythm disruption, chronic inflammation, hormones, metabolism, and genetics may increase prostate cancer risk.
6 citations
,
October 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” Prostaglandins and the enzyme AKR1C3 could play a role in skin cancer and hair loss, and further research is needed to understand these mechanisms.
November 2025 in “Cancers” Men with male pattern baldness may have a slightly higher risk of prostate cancer.
90 citations
,
December 2007 in “Current Oncology” Non-hormonal treatments should be used first for sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal breast cancer patients on aromatase inhibitors, with hormones as a second option.