198 citations
,
March 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Keratin 15 helps maintain tissue integrity and is reduced in activated keratinocytes.
44 citations
,
May 1997 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” The human keratin 6a gene's specific sequences trigger expression in skin layers after injury.
27 citations
,
August 2014 in “Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Developmental biology” The skin and thymus develop similarly to protect and support immunity.
30 citations
,
September 2000 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Fatty acid composition in human skin, mouth, and hair cells varies with keratinization, and cultured cells show essential fatty acid deficiency.
18 citations
,
June 2018 in “Journal of Dental Research” Msx2 is essential for proper enamel formation by preventing abnormal cell transformation.
8 citations
,
January 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Transglutaminase activity is important for skin and is found in both mammals and birds.
March 2019 in “Dermatologic Surgery” 150 citations
,
June 1999 in “Oncogene” 96 citations
,
September 1996 in “PubMed” Desmocollin 1 and 3 have distinct patterns in human tissues, with Dsc1 in specific skin and hair layers and Dsc3 in various epithelial layers.
162 citations
,
December 2008 in “Stem Cells” Hair follicle stem cells can become corneal-like cells, potentially helping restore vision.
482 citations
,
June 1979 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” Keratins provide structural strength in epithelial cells and help identify cell origins.
425 citations
,
August 2002 in “BioEssays” The cornified cell envelope forms a protective barrier in skin and hair, using specific proteins and lipids to maintain effectiveness.
184 citations
,
September 2006 in “PLoS Genetics” The Apc gene is crucial for normal skin and thymus development.
133 citations
,
June 1993 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology” The human K5 promoter controls specific gene expression in skin cells, with key regulatory elements near the TATA box.
85 citations
,
September 2013 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Keratin 15 is not a reliable sole marker for identifying epidermal stem cells because it's found in various cell types.
79 citations
,
June 1993 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology” The K5 promoter controls gene expression in skin cells, with specific DNA segments crucial for targeting and regulation.
41 citations
,
July 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Hair follicle cells need complex interactions to fully differentiate.
31 citations
,
December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” ORS and hair matrix cells balance growth and differentiation better than normal keratinocytes, with human dermal fibroblasts crucial for proper differentiation.
26 citations
,
February 1998 in “DNA and Cell Biology” K6 gene expression can be controlled and manipulated in mice for studying skin disorders.
18 citations
,
January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Human dermal fibroblasts and hair papilla cells help outer root sheath cells grow and develop properly.
January 2011 in “Xibei nongye xuebao” The K14 promoter is more active in skin cells than the K5 promoter.
59 citations
,
August 1981 in “PubMed” Trichilemmal keratinization is a unique process in hair follicles where the outer root sheath turns into keratin without a specific layer.
November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” DermaCult™ Keratinocyte Expansion Medium allows human skin cells to grow longer while keeping their ability to develop properly.
25 citations
,
September 1995 in “Biochemistry and Cell Biology” High levels of human keratin 16 in mice cause skin lesions and abnormal skin development.
198 citations
,
November 1989 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Keratin K14 expression varies between hair follicles and epidermis, affecting cell differentiation.
104 citations
,
July 1994 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Basonuclin helps keratinocytes multiply and prevents them from fully maturing.
64 citations
,
April 1992 in “Differentiation” Sciellin is a protein that helps form protective layers in skin, hair, and nails.
23 citations
,
January 1986 Involucrin is crucial for skin cell maturation and protection.
November 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hemoglobin α acts as an antioxidant in skin cells, especially protecting hair follicle stem cells from UV damage.
May 2020 in “International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology” Calcified epidermal cysts are rare, hard skin nodules that are best treated with surgical removal.