6 citations
,
October 2011 in “ISRN Ophthalmology” Higher testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels may help diagnose meibomian gland dysfunction.
March 2021 in “AACE clinical case reports” A man with both Klinefelter syndrome and primary hyperparathyroidism showed a rare combination of symptoms and genetic patterns.
July 2020 in “Endocrine practice” A 13-year-old boy with Cushing syndrome has high cortisol levels from a pituitary gland issue and underdeveloped sexual characteristics.
6 citations
,
November 1980 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Measuring plasma testosterone glucosiduronate is a reliable way to detect high male hormone levels in women.
2 citations
,
October 2022 in “Frontiers in genetics” Late diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia can greatly affect physical development, gender identity, and sexual health.
July 2024 in “Reproductive health of woman” Girls conceived via assisted reproductive technologies show early puberty signs and larger ovaries.
Testosterone in our bodies helps increase insulin secretion from the pancreas.
10 citations
,
January 2016 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy in transgender patients can lead to skin changes like altered sebum production, hair growth, and acne, which may require dermatological care.
20 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Womens Health” Testosterone can help premenopausal and postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but its long-term safety is unclear and it's not widely approved for this use.
July 2023 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” Sertoliform endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary, though rare, has a good prognosis when treated early.
1 citations
,
January 2018 in “Journal of Gynecologic Surgery” Removing both ovaries can treat increased testosterone and related symptoms in postmenopausal women with ovarian hyperthecosis.
37 citations
,
September 2003 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” A substance called Compound 2g can strongly block STS (a hormone-related enzyme) without affecting estrogen levels, making it potentially good for treating breast cancer.
April 2026 in “BMJ Case Reports” Leydig cell tumors can cause high testosterone in women and are treated by removing the ovaries.
April 2024 in “JCEM case reports” A woman's rare benign tumor that released both cortisol and testosterone was successfully removed, improving her health.
July 2007 in “Journal of Reproduction & Infertility” Short-term finasteride use likely doesn't harm male fertility.
12 citations
,
August 2020 in “Annals of Oncology” Androgen deprivation therapy might be better for preventing COVID-19 than treating it.
A thorough diagnostic process and teamwork are crucial for managing complex hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women.
75 citations
,
February 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.
December 2023 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Adults with gender dysphoria on hormone treatment often have skin problems like acne, which are common but not always recognized.
10 citations
,
September 2008 in “Andrologia” Finasteride changes antioxidant enzyme expression, possibly affecting sperm protection in rats.
January 2025 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Consider TFI in facial hypopigmentation diagnoses and confirm with a biopsy.
11 citations
,
November 2006 in “Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation” An alpaca acted like a male and couldn't have babies because of a benign tumor in its ovary that caused high testosterone levels.
May 2022 in “Reactions Weekly” January 2010 in “Springer eBooks” August 2013 in “Fertility and sterility” Metformin can help diagnose and treat high testosterone levels in women, often due to insulin resistance rather than a tumor.
February 2021 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” A postmenopausal woman's excessive hair growth and hair loss were due to a non-cancerous ovarian condition, treated successfully with surgery.
110 citations
,
January 1984 in “Progress in brain research” Gonadal hormones may influence sex differences in play fighting in animals, but their effect on human spatial behavior is unclear and needs more research.
June 2025 in “JCEM Case Reports” False high testosterone levels were corrected using a more accurate test.
5 citations
,
November 2018 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” Ovarian Leydig cell tumors are hard to diagnose with just advanced imaging; expert ultrasound and clinical evaluation are essential.