2 citations
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September 2004 in “Fertility and sterility” High androgen levels can cause excessive hair growth and may indicate serious health issues, including heart disease and fertility problems.
January 2014 in “edoc (University of Basel)” Anabolic steroids and inflammation can disrupt androgen metabolism, potentially causing health issues.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Surgery improved symptoms and normalized hormone levels in a woman with an adrenal tumor.
September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Many transgender men on testosterone therapy experience hair loss.
A thorough diagnostic process and teamwork are crucial for managing complex hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women.
October 2020 in “Medicine - Programa De Formación Médica Continuada Acreditado” Female hyperandrogenism is a condition caused by too much male hormones, leading to skin issues and ovulation problems, often due to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and is treated based on individual symptoms.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Ovarian steroid cell tumors can mimic adrenal hyperplasia, and surgery can normalize hormone levels.
37 citations
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June 2011 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.
December 2013 in “Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences” Ovarian steroid cell tumors should be considered in adults with hirsutism and high testosterone, with surgery as the main treatment.
10 citations
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August 2020 in “International Journal of Andrology” 5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.
January 2014 in “Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)” 13 citations
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August 2020 in “Der Hautarzt” Excessive male hormones in women cause symptoms like unwanted hair growth, and treatment requires careful medical evaluation.
11 citations
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November 2006 in “Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation” An alpaca acted like a male and couldn't have babies because of a benign tumor in its ovary that caused high testosterone levels.
1 citations
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October 2021 in “LGBT health” The review discusses how facial masculinization surgeries are done and their costs.
April 2026 in “Communications Biology” The development of breeding tubercles in male zebrafish relies on a specific enzyme that processes hormones.
15 citations
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June 1986 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Androgens increase pigmentation in young hamsters, but estrogens can reverse this effect.
66 citations
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October 2013 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity” The conclusion is that published guidelines are improving transgender medical care, but more research and education in transgender medicine are needed.
March 2023 in “Bagcılar medical bulletin” A young woman had a rare tumor causing high male hormone levels and symptoms like excessive hair and acne. After removing the tumor, her hormone levels returned to normal. Early diagnosis is important.
4 citations
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June 2005 in “Andrology” A woman's diabetes improved after removing ovarian tumors that caused high testosterone levels.
18 citations
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June 2016 in “PeerJ” Testosterone increases certain kidney protein levels, potentially raising blood pressure.
5 citations
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September 2022 in “Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine” Facial feminization surgery helps make facial features more feminine, improving patient satisfaction and safety.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's increased facial hair and hair loss were caused by a rare ovarian tumor, cured by surgery.
1 citations
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April 2024 in “Archives of disease in childhood” Many children and teens referred to gender services receive hormone treatments, but more research is needed on their long-term care and outcomes.
9 citations
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July 2023 in “Hypertension” Gender-affirming hormone therapy may increase heart disease risk in transgender individuals.
January 2015 in “Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism/Journal of pediatric endocrinology and metabolism” A 5-year-old girl with McCune-Albright syndrome grew abnormal hair due to the drug tamoxifen.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy improved symptoms in a woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
168 citations
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January 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Male and female mice have different skin thickness, and hormones affect their skin and hair growth differently.
October 2022 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” GnRH-a or orchiectomy is more effective than anti-androgens for managing hormone levels in transgender women.
19 citations
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August 2018 in “Clinics in plastic surgery” The conclusion is that certain surgeries can help people with gender dysphoria look more like their true gender and feel better.
2 citations
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November 2019 in “Case reports in women's health” Ovarian vein sampling helped diagnose rare ovarian tumors causing high testosterone, and surgery to remove the tumors lowered the testosterone levels.