January 2023 in “Zdravstvena zaštita” Aging-related hormone changes affect voice quality, especially during puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 14-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with Swyer Syndrome and treated for a related cancer risk.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 31-year-old woman was diagnosed with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome much later than usual, leading to a call for earlier detection and treatment guidelines.
November 2012 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” A new genetic mutation causes severe Leydig cell hypoplasia, affecting sexual development.
August 2009 in “International Journal of Dermatology” A postmenopausal woman's facial redness, acne, and excess hair were caused by too much hormone therapy for insomnia, but improved after stopping the treatment.
4 citations
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October 1998 in “In Practice” The conclusion is to thoroughly test for causes of cat hair loss and treat accordingly, considering medication only after serious conditions are ruled out.
March 2025 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Dermatologists should guide transgender patients on effective hair growth and loss treatments during hormone therapy.
19 citations
,
April 2018 in “Clinical cardiology” Older men with low levels of a testosterone byproduct had a higher chance of developing an irregular heartbeat.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The patient was satisfied with hormone therapy, and her epilepsy remained stable.
2 citations
,
February 2021 in “Brain Research” Testosterone affects blood pressure control and inflammation in male rats with endotoxic shock, and blocking certain hormones may help treat it.
506 citations
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March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.
11 citations
,
January 1973 in “BMJ” Primary hypothyroidism can mimic pituitary failure but improves with hormone therapy.
7 citations
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October 2024 in “Livers” Sex hormones affect liver fat and metabolic health differently in men and women.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Lifestyle changes and environmental strategies can help address declining testosterone levels.
October 2022 in “Endocrine journal” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone treatments can help with penile growth in males with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency, with dihydrotestosterone being more effective in infancy.
12 citations
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June 2024 in “Nutrients” Natural antioxidants like flavonoids and resveratrol may help prevent low testosterone in aging men.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare pituitary tumor in an 18-year-old male caused hormonal issues and vision loss, requiring surgery and further treatment.
March 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine” High-dose testosterone with finasteride improves muscle health in males with spinal cord injury.
1231 citations
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May 2001 in “Hypertension” Men generally have higher blood pressure than premenopausal women, but postmenopausal women's blood pressure can surpass men's, and hormone therapy doesn't significantly help.
12 citations
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March 2017 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.
10 citations
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April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
Testosterone therapy can safely and effectively treat symptoms like low libido and fatigue in women, especially after menopause.
138 citations
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May 2000 in “Maturitas” Estrogen replacement can improve skin health in menopausal women but doesn't reverse sun damage or prevent hair loss.
10 citations
,
May 2020 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” Proteoglycans are important for hair growth, and a specific treatment can help reduce hair loss.
162 citations
,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
72 citations
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October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
46 citations
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January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
31 citations
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January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
11 citations
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September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
37 citations
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February 2013 in “Maturitas” Testosterone therapy is beneficial for women's health and does not cause masculinization or liver damage, and it protects the heart and breasts.