7 citations
,
January 2015 in “Case reports in endocrinology” The document concludes that HAIR-AN syndrome should be considered when a patient shows severe hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance after excluding tumors.
53 citations
,
July 2014 in “American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone boosts red blood cell production and changes iron metabolism without needing dihydrotestosterone.
1 citations
,
January 2021
17 citations
,
March 2016 in “Liver international” Men with advanced liver disease and high oestrone and low testosterone levels have worse health outcomes.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare ovarian tumor that produced testosterone caused a blood clot in the lungs and increased red blood cells in a woman.
1 citations
,
January 2010 in “Endocrine abstracts” 5 citations
,
July 2024 in “Minerva Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender individuals can increase the risk of erythrocytosis.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's high testosterone and related symptoms were caused by overactive cells in her ovaries.
5 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Higher DHT levels are linked to fewer hypogonadism symptoms in men with normal testosterone levels.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.
8 citations
,
January 1986 in “Journal of hepatology” Men with liver cancer have higher levels of a specific testosterone byproduct in their liver and blood, despite overall lower male hormone levels.
23 citations
,
August 2005 in “Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy” New treatments for low male hormones improved sexual function and mood but had unclear risks, especially for older men.
72 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
September 2025 in “Cureus” Equilibrium dialysis can accurately measure testosterone levels when lab results are inconsistent.
3 citations
,
February 2025 in “Endocrine” Confirm testosterone levels with advanced tests to avoid unnecessary procedures.
February 2016 in “PubMed” Properly administered testosterone therapy is safe and effective but often not covered by insurance.
59 citations
,
September 2003 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.
1 citations
,
November 2002 in “Endocrine practice” The patient's high testosterone was reduced by a medication that suppresses gonadotropin.
January 2003 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Testosterone therapy can improve skin and hair in men with low testosterone but may cause skin irritation with certain treatments.
10 citations
,
April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
162 citations
,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's ovarian fibroma caused high testosterone levels, which normalized after surgery.
December 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.
1 citations
,
March 2021 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” The letter suggests testosterone replacement therapy might worsen COVID-19 outcomes.
35 citations
,
November 1989 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Epitestosterone may act as a weak antiandrogen and can inhibit an enzyme involved in testosterone metabolism.
1 citations
,
July 2022 in “BMC Women s Health” An ovarian tumor can cause high male hormones in postmenopausal women.
155 citations
,
October 2002 in “The FASEB Journal” Heart-specific steroid metabolism is crucial in cardiac hypertrophy.
2 citations
,
March 2012 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” The body's change of testosterone into DHT is not necessary for testosterone's muscle and sexual effects.
23 citations
,
June 2019 in “Bioanalysis” Monitoring steroid hormones in blood can better detect testosterone doping.
46 citations
,
December 1992 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Affected males are born with ambiguous genitalia, raised as females, but develop male traits at puberty due to enzyme deficiency.