131 citations
,
March 2004 in “The American journal of pathology” Modulating BMP activity changes the number, size, shape, and type of ectodermal organs.
29 citations
,
December 2016 in “The EMBO Journal” Gata6 is important for protecting hair growth cells from DNA damage and keeping normal hair growth.
55 citations
,
April 2010 in “Cancer and Metastasis Reviews” TGFβ's manipulation of inflammation and immune cells affects cancer spread, suggesting new treatment strategies and biomarkers.
132 citations
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August 2012 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects” TGF-β signaling is crucial for stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and has implications for cancer treatment.
43 citations
,
March 2009 in “Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine” TGF-β2 plays a key role in human hair growth and development.
1 citations
,
May 2017 in “InTech eBooks” Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.
94 citations
,
June 2016 in “The FASEB Journal” The Wnt/β-catenin pathway helps tissue regeneration but can also cause fibrosis, and drugs that inhibit this pathway may aid in healing skin and heart tissues.
89 citations
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November 2017 in “Journal of Cellular Physiology” The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is important for tissue development and has potential in regenerative medicine, but requires more research for therapeutic use.
18 citations
,
July 2021 in “Molecular Medicine Reports” The WNT signaling pathway is crucial for mesenchymal stem cells' function and therapy success.
19 citations
,
September 2019 in “PLOS genetics” Telomere damage affects skin and hair follicle stem cells by messing up important growth signals.
5 citations
,
October 2025 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” Traditional Chinese Medicine and biomaterials help heal chronic wounds by targeting multiple pathways.
9 citations
,
April 2019 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Human hair grows better in a special gel that mimics skin.
43 citations
,
December 2008 in “Molecular biology of the cell” Disrupting Smad4 in mouse skin causes early hair follicle stem cell activity that leads to their eventual depletion.
65 citations
,
June 2003 in “EMBO journal” Noggin overexpression delays eyelid opening by affecting cell death and skin cell development.
38 citations
,
June 2019 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Tiny particles called extracellular vesicles could help with skin healing and hair growth, but more research is needed.
6 citations
,
November 2020 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Androgens reduce BMP2, which weakens the ability of certain cells to help hair stem cells become different types of cells.
June 2026 in “Applied Biological Chemistry” The M5 method is best for isolating cells that help hair growth.
111 citations
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June 2002 in “The EMBO Journal” Too much Smad7 can cause serious changes in skin tissues, including problems with hair growth, thymus shrinkage, and eye development issues.
3 citations
,
February 2005 in “Aktuelle Dermatologie” Prolactin and TGF-β receptor blockers might help treat hair loss.
2 citations
,
February 2025 in “Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology” Isaria cicadae Miquel rice fermentation extract helps heal wounds and regenerate hair follicles.
20 citations
,
November 2019 in “Stem Cells” Hes1 protein is important for hair growth and regeneration, and could be a potential treatment for hair loss.
December 2025 in “Nature Communications” Skin organoids can model tuberculosis infection and help test treatments.
6 citations
,
April 2022 in “Frontiers in cell and developmental biology” The research identified key proteins and genes that may influence wool bending in goats.
124 citations
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February 2018 in “Nature Reviews Genetics” Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.
47 citations
,
May 2012 in “Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Developmental Biology” The conclusion is that understanding how feathers and hairs pattern can help in developing hair regeneration treatments.
27 citations
,
June 2013 in “Genes & development” Cav1.2 affects hair growth and could be a target for hair loss treatments.
1 citations
,
November 2018 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Signals from skin cells controlled by Rac proteins help turn certain precursor cells into white fat cells.
May 2026 in “Research Square” The polyG fragment in Hoxc13 protein helps evolve mammalian skin and hair by enhancing gene interactions.
346 citations
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April 2020 in “Frontiers in Oncology” EMT and metabolic pathways help cancer cells resist treatment and spread.
January 2018 in “Contributions to management science” MicroRNAs are crucial for skin development, regeneration, and disease treatment.