April 2025 in “BMC Immunology” Targeting SIRT1 with antisense oligonucleotides could be a promising treatment for hair loss.
January 2026 in “Immunological Reviews” Females generally have stronger immune responses than males due to the X chromosome.
45 citations
,
May 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Alopecia areata is caused by immune attacks on hair follicles, affecting hair growth and quality of life.
52 citations
,
January 2023 in “Annual Review of Immunology” Immune-epithelial interactions are crucial for tissue repair, but unchecked can cause diseases.
5 citations
,
July 2024 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Dupilumab effectively reduces alopecia areata symptoms in children with atopic dermatitis.
4 citations
,
August 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Mesenchymal stem cells and their vesicles may effectively treat skin diseases, but more research is needed.
March 2026 in “Molecules” Dang Gui may help treat immune-related diseases by boosting and regulating the immune system.
January 2018 in “Springer eBooks” PDE inhibitors, especially PDE4 inhibitors like apremilast, are effective for certain inflammatory skin conditions but have side effects and can be costly.
55 citations
,
October 2019 in “Dermatology and therapy” Drugs targeting the JAK/STAT pathway can improve atopic dermatitis but vary in effectiveness for vitiligo and alopecia areata, with generally mild safety concerns.
CD4 T cells need IFN-γ to cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Both Th1 and Th2 immune responses are increased in alopecia areata, with Th2 response more strongly linked to how severe the disease is.
119 citations
,
January 2012 in “Nutrition & Metabolism” Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.
13 citations
,
September 2019 in “Scientific Reports” High levels of the protein Flightless I worsen ulcerative colitis symptoms in mice.
40 citations
,
August 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology” Blocking JAK/STAT pathways can help treat hair loss from alopecia areata.
39 citations
,
January 2015 in “International journal for parasitology/International Journal for Parasitology” Epidermal keratinocytes start wound healing and inflammation after schistosome infection.
3 citations
,
September 2023 in “Frontiers in immunology” Chronic inflammatory skin diseases are caused by disrupted interactions between skin cells and immune cells.
40 citations
,
December 2012 in “PLoS ONE” Removing Ctip2 in skin cells causes skin inflammation similar to atopic dermatitis.
25 citations
,
January 2019 in “Annals of Dermatology” Blocking the NOTCH pathway can prevent fibrosis in systemic sclerosis.
3 citations
,
March 2015 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Some people with primary cicatricial alopecia also have inflammatory bowel disease, suggesting a possible connection.
March 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine” New therapies for rare skin diseases show promise but need more research.
January 2024 in “Frontiers in immunology” Histone modification is key in treating chronic inflammatory skin diseases.
20 citations
,
June 2010 in “Genes and Immunity” Blood tests can help understand the genetic differences in people with alopecia areata, including how severe it is and if it's inherited.
12 citations
,
July 2025 in “Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology” TGF-β inhibitors may help treat liver fibrosis by targeting various pathways.
May 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Type-2 immunity may influence skin diseases and could be targeted for treatment.
59 citations
,
June 2022 in “Frontiers in medicine” There are still challenges in diagnosing and treating chronic skin diseases, but there is hope for future improvements.
60 citations
,
September 2013 in “Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Immunosuppressive and anti-TNF therapies in IBD patients can increase the risk of skin cancer and cause various skin issues.
21 citations
,
November 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology” Sebaceous glands play a key role in skin health, immunity, and various skin diseases.
66 citations
,
July 2007 in “Journal of Molecular Medicine” Stress increases certain chemicals in the skin and nerves, which might worsen skin conditions.
124 citations
,
October 2019 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Janus kinase inhibitors are promising treatments for autoimmune skin diseases like eczema and psoriasis.
1 citations
,
July 2019 in “Clinical Rheumatology” Leflunomide is more likely to help treat alopecia areata than cause it.