April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Both Th1 and Th2 immune responses are increased in alopecia areata, with Th2 response more strongly linked to how severe the disease is.
12 citations
,
November 2022 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” COVID-19 can directly trigger certain skin conditions like pustular dermatoses due to an inflammatory response.
59 citations
,
September 2021 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Netherton syndrome has two subtypes with shared immune traits but different allergic and immune responses, suggesting targeted treatments.
3 citations
,
January 2012 in “Elsevier eBooks” Burn scars form abnormally due to changes in wound healing, and more research is needed to improve treatments.
Iron deficiency worsens inflammatory skin diseases by disrupting iron balance and increasing inflammation.
January 2023 in “Discovery immunology” T cells and bacteria in the gut and skin help maintain health and protect against disease.
4 citations
,
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Hydroxypinacolone retinoate is a potent anti-aging ingredient for skin that is more effective and less irritating than other forms of retinoids.
25 citations
,
December 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Targeted cytokine treatments may help with alopecia areata, but more research is needed.
4 citations
,
August 2024 in “Skin Research and Technology” The study was retracted.
February 2024 in “Veterinary sciences” Canine pemphigus foliaceus involves significant immune activity and shares similarities with human pemphigus.
3 citations
,
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” JAK inhibitors are effective for treating moderate-to-severe alopecia areata.
3 citations
,
September 2024 in “The FASEB Journal” Dermal white adipose tissue helps regulate hair growth, protect skin, and aid wound healing.
34 citations
,
November 2022 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” People with alopecia areata are more likely to have other immune-related conditions.
9 citations
,
May 2023 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Stem cell treatment from umbilical cords reduces symptoms of atopic dermatitis and may help hair growth.
70 citations
,
June 2023 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Air pollution harms skin health and can worsen skin diseases.
61 citations
,
September 2010 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Stress hormones and autoimmune reactions can cause hair loss.
50 citations
,
April 2021 in “Frontiers in Immunology” New therapies targeting skin neuroimmune interactions could treat neuropathic pain.
18 citations
,
July 2022 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Volatile organic compounds can cause inflammation and increase the risk of autoimmune diseases.
4 citations
,
July 2017 in “Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis” Retinol may affect immune responses in people with frequent skin boils.
2 citations
,
September 2025 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” Extracellular vesicles can help treat skin issues like wounds, hair loss, aging, and inflammation.
February 2026 in “International Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Certain probiotics can help improve skin conditions like atopic dermatitis, but more research is needed.
February 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells help maintain skin health and balance, and are involved in skin diseases and healing.
37 citations
,
December 2021 in “Cells” Alopecia areata severity and treatment response are linked to specific cytokine levels.
35 citations
,
March 2010 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Ebastine may help regrow hair in alopecia areata patients.
4 citations
,
January 2025 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Ceramide Synthase 4 is crucial for maintaining hair follicle stem cells and preventing hair loss.
July 2025 in “Frontiers in Medicine” Baricitinib successfully regrew hair in an 8-year-old boy with alopecia totalis linked to a KRT74 gene variant.
53 citations
,
July 2018 in “Drug design, development and therapy” Janus kinase inhibitors show promise in treating alopecia areata but need better topical formulations.
13 citations
,
April 2022 in “Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences” IBD treatment is complex and requires personalized approaches due to varying patient responses.
68 citations
,
September 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Air pollution (PM10) increases skin inflammation and aging by reducing collagen and may trigger a repair response in skin cells.
119 citations
,
January 2012 in “Nutrition & Metabolism” Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.