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January 2022 in “Annals of Dermatology” A new mutation in the MBTPS2 gene causes a mild form of IFAP syndrome.
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June 2014 in “Der Hautarzt” Genetic testing can identify causes of rare hair loss disorders in children, but no treatments exist.
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August 2007 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease where T cells attack hair follicles.
November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Cell-based therapy using specific immune cells may help treat alopecia areata by promoting hair regrowth.
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June 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Fetal skin has unique immune cells different from adult skin.
301 citations
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May 1998 in “Genes & Development” Ets2 gene is crucial for placental development in mice.
June 2025 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” In alopecia areata, certain immune cells increase and express a protein linked to immune activation.
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February 2004 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Hair loss improved with treatment and successful transplant.
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February 1988 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” The skin condition Ulerythema ophryogenes did not improve with treatment in a patient with other birth defects.
February 2024 in “Pediatric Dermatology” A 5-year-old girl with a rare genetic disorder, lipoid proteinosis, showed reduced new lesions but persistent scars after avoiding skin trauma.
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March 2016 in “BBA clinical” Increased Toll-like receptors in blood cells may contribute to alopecia areata and could be a target for new treatments.
10 citations
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March 1997 in “Pediatric Dermatology” A rare case of trichothiodystrophy was found with autism, seizures, and mental retardation.
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November 2007 in “Blood” TMPRSS6 is crucial for controlling hepcidin and normal iron absorption.
September 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” BAP1 mutations are rare in pediatric melanocytic tumors and may develop later in life.
TSH levels are similar across nonscarring alopecia types, with unclear racial differences.
1 citations
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September 1998 in “Journal of Advancement in Medicine” Thiamin deficiency might cause hair loss and mental health issues.
98 citations
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March 2019 in “Frontiers in immunology” Damaging mutations in NFKB2 cause a severe and distinct form of primary immunodeficiency with early-onset and often ACTH-deficiency.
November 2025 in “JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY INDIA” Thymol is a promising natural treatment for hair regrowth and inflammation in alopecia areata, performing better than betamethasone.
31 citations
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October 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” IL-10 may worsen alopecia areata instead of helping it.
58 citations
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July 2018 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Alopecia areata severity is linked to increased TH1 and TH2 activity.
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September 2014 in “Nature reviews. Drug discover/Nature reviews. Drug discovery” Specific immune cells cause alopecia areata and blocking certain proteins can prevent it.
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January 2013 in “European Journal of Pediatrics” Patients with Shwachman-Diamond syndrome often get misdiagnosed due to a wide range of symptoms, including immune system problems and bone abnormalities.
4 citations
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December 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” 17 citations
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April 2009 in “Andrologia” A boy's early puberty caused by a testicular tumor returned to normal after surgery.
February 2010 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Umbilical cord blood transplantation improved the boy's symptoms despite complications.
71 citations
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October 2013 in “Experimental Dermatology” Vitiligo and alopecia areata may have similar causes despite their differences.
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November 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Fatp4 is crucial for healthy skin development and function.
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December 2013 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” A rare skin growth in a baby was successfully removed without coming back.
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August 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” TSC2-/meth cells can cause skin lesions, hair growth, and lung issues, and may be treated with chromatin remodeling agents.
1 citations
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November 2010 in “Pediatric dermatology” An 11-month-old girl has no scalp or body hair, and the cause is being studied.