67 citations
,
January 2020 in “Cellular & Molecular Immunology/Cellular & molecular immunology” Tissue-resident memory T cells can protect against infections and cancer but may also contribute to autoimmune diseases.
August 2019 in “Journal of Invertebrate Pathology” Thymosin beta 4 protects cells from damage by blocking a harmful microRNA and boosting a protective gene.
155 citations
,
December 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Thyroid-related genes are active in skin cells and may affect autoimmune conditions.
4 citations
,
October 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Thy-1 protein helps improve blood flow and wound healing in the skin.
31 citations
,
June 2011 in “Journal of the neurological sciences” Removing the thymoma improved the man's autoimmune conditions.
53 citations
,
September 2007 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Thymosin beta 4 helps hair grow by boosting stem cell activity.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Human hair follicles have their own thyroid hormone system.
October 2022 in “The American journal of gastroenterology” Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity can cause liver damage and affects multiple organs, with limited treatment options and a generally poor prognosis.
32 citations
,
March 2021 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Thyroid hormones are important for skin health and changes in them can affect conditions like hair loss and eczema.
105 citations
,
February 2010 in “Endocrinology” The skin produces and responds to thyroid-stimulating hormone, which is controlled by other thyroid-related hormones.
April 2024 in “The Journal of experimental medicine/The journal of experimental medicine” Treg cells help repair and regenerate tissues by interacting with local cells.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” T cells with memory features grow in number and gather around hair follicles when there are not enough immune cells.
37 citations
,
November 2007 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Ku80 is a key receptor for Thymosin β4, affecting cell migration and wound healing.
January 2019 in “eScholarship (California Digital Library)” Thymus-derived Tregs, not peripherally-derived Tregs, primarily regulate type 1 diabetes in the NOD mouse model.
245 citations
,
October 2015 in “Nature medicine” Hair follicle-derived IL-7 and IL-15 are crucial for maintaining skin-resident memory T cells and could be targeted for treating skin diseases and lymphoma.
34 citations
,
December 2009 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” Too much thymosin beta4 causes weird teeth and more hair growth in mice.
25 citations
,
April 2012 in “Veterinary and comparative oncology” Megavoltage radiation therapy extended survival in rabbits with thymomas, especially in those weighing more than 1.57 kg.
May 2023 in “Surgical Case Reports” A woman's hair loss improved after removing a tumor in her thymus gland, suggesting hair loss can be linked to such tumors even without a specific muscle weakness condition.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Certain immune cells in atopic dermatitis skin could be targeted for treatment.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Androgens reduce THY1 in skin cells, leading to less fat, more fibrosis, and worse healing in males.
1 citations
,
May 2025 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Increased regulatory T cell activity may lead to better outcomes in acute diffuse and total alopecia.
2 citations
,
April 2013 in “PubMed” Abnormal T-cells from thymomas cause non-motor symptoms in some myasthenia gravis patients.
14 citations
,
June 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” TSH influences keratin expression in human hair follicles.
107 citations
,
October 2022 in “Frontiers in Immunology” T cells and inflammation are crucial in atherosclerosis, with anti-inflammatory treatments showing promise.
2 citations
,
March 2019 in “Veterinary dermatology” Thymoma in cats can cause hair loss without inflammation.
May 2005 in “Cancer Research” Melanoma cells lose their ability to form tumors when placed in a zebrafish embryo environment.
2 citations
,
July 2022 in “The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences” FTY720 helps transplanted fat survive better by reducing immune rejection and improving blood vessel growth.
October 2025 in “Science Advances” IFN-γ production by CD4 T cells is crucial for causing alopecia areata.
January 2026 in “Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine” Regulatory T cells and mesenchymal stem cells work together to prevent immune system overreactions and tissue damage.
The skin plays a key role in immune responses and reflects emotional and stress reactions.