October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone can lower testosterone in some transfeminine people.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone may effectively suppress testosterone in some transfeminine individuals.
204 citations
,
May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
2 citations
,
September 2022 in “Drug Delivery” The microneedle system effectively promotes hair growth for treating androgenic alopecia.
11 citations
,
January 2000 in “Der Hautarzt” Male hypogonadism affects skin and hair, causing thin skin, less hair, and skin reactions to treatment.
May 2008 in “Trends in Urology Gynaecology & Sexual Health” Loop diuretics may double bone loss in elderly men, finasteride lowers prostate cancer risk but may increase high-grade tumors, abarelix reduces testosterone quickly, and transdermal testosterone offers minimal sexual benefit for women.
6 citations
,
August 2020 in “International Research Journal on Advanced Science Hub” The niosomal gel effectively delivers testosterone through the skin with fewer side effects.
182 citations
,
January 2000 in “Drug Development Research” Ethosomal carriers improve drug delivery through the skin better than traditional methods.
12 citations
,
March 2012 in “ATLA. Alternatives to laboratory animals” Hair follicles significantly affect the skin absorption of some drugs.
10 citations
,
October 2006 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are easier to use and target specific tissues to reduce side effects.
2 citations
,
December 1994 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The treatment effectively reduced hair growth and was safe for patients with PCOS, but it needs better bleeding control.
November 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” Plant-based nanovesicles effectively deliver finasteride for hair regrowth in androgenetic alopecia.
December 2024 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” LMWP-PDGFA shows promise for improving hair health and treating hair loss with fewer side effects.
January 2010 in “West China Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Pterocarpus indcus Willd extracts taken orally can reduce hair loss in rats.
222 citations
,
January 2003 in “Critical Reviews in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems” Ethosomes can safely and effectively deliver various drugs deep into the skin.
4 citations
,
January 2022 in “Journal of Menopausal Medicine” Gender-affirming hormone therapy in South Korea aligns with international guidelines and has specific side effects.
3 citations
,
January 2021 in “Journal of dermatology & cosmetology” Current alopecia treatments manage symptoms but don't cure, and better treatments are needed.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The patient was satisfied with hormone therapy, and her epilepsy remained stable.
January 2025 in “Regenerative Biomaterials” A dissolving microneedle patch with collagen XVII effectively promotes hair regrowth in androgenic alopecia.
10 citations
,
October 2018 in “Dermatologic Therapy” The lotion with equol, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, and propionyl-l-carnitine was effective in reducing hair loss in men and women.
417 citations
,
February 2004 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy increases bone density in older men with low testosterone levels.
49 citations
,
February 2009 in “Maturitas” Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.
21 citations
,
January 2003 in “Skin pharmacology and physiology” Different skin cells process testosterone differently, and certain drugs can change this process, possibly helping treat acne and hair loss.
7 citations
,
May 2012 in “International Journal of Andrology” The new oral testosterone pill normalized testosterone levels and lowered SHBG in men with low testosterone.
506 citations
,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.
77 citations
,
October 2007 in “International Journal of Andrology” Testosterone with or without finasteride doesn't improve thinking skills in older men with low testosterone.
72 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
31 citations
,
January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
26 citations
,
August 2014 in “PubMed” Testosterone improves mood and thinking skills; finasteride has no effect.
25 citations
,
March 2000 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.