21 citations
,
January 2003 in “Skin pharmacology and physiology” Different skin cells process testosterone differently, and certain drugs can change this process, possibly helping treat acne and hair loss.
7 citations
,
May 2012 in “International Journal of Andrology” The new oral testosterone pill normalized testosterone levels and lowered SHBG in men with low testosterone.
13 citations
,
August 2013 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” Researchers created a skin patch that delivers two drugs for treating enlarged prostate, which may improve patient use and dosage control.
5 citations
,
March 2016 in “Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy” New drug delivery systems improve treatment effectiveness and patient experience.
506 citations
,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.
77 citations
,
October 2007 in “International Journal of Andrology” Testosterone with or without finasteride doesn't improve thinking skills in older men with low testosterone.
72 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
37 citations
,
September 2018 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Intravaginal testosterone cream improves sexual satisfaction and reduces vaginal discomfort in postmenopausal women on breast cancer treatment without affecting hormone levels.
31 citations
,
January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
26 citations
,
August 2014 in “PubMed” Testosterone improves mood and thinking skills; finasteride has no effect.
25 citations
,
March 2000 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.
11 citations
,
December 2010 in “The Journal of Urology” Taking oral testosterone with or without dutasteride increases testosterone levels and could be an effective treatment for low testosterone.
10 citations
,
October 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” Finasteride doesn't affect oral testosterone undecanoate, and high DHT levels may cause acne, prostate issues, and hair loss.
10 citations
,
February 2008 in “International Journal of Andrology” A combination of nanomilled oral testosterone and dutasteride normalized testosterone levels in men with low testosterone and is safe for short-term use.
2 citations
,
September 2007 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Local testosterone treatment improved sexual desire in a female with fragile X syndrome.
April 2022 in “Diabetes Therapy” Low testosterone does not prevent prostate cancer in men with type 1 diabetes.
64 citations
,
August 1999 in “The American journal of medicine” The transscrotal testosterone patch normalizes hormone levels in men with AIDS and weight loss but does not improve weight, body mass, or quality of life.
14 citations
,
January 2025 in “AAPS PharmSciTech” Microemulsions and nanoemulsions can effectively deliver drugs through the skin, but more research is needed to understand their differences and mechanisms.
151 citations
,
November 2018 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.
151 citations
,
July 2011 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Liposomal systems show promise for delivering drugs through the skin but face challenges like high costs and stability issues.
149 citations
,
September 2017 in “Pharmaceutics” Pig skin is a good substitute for human skin to measure drug absorption, but differences in skin structure and enzymes across species must be considered.
110 citations
,
October 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.
33 citations
,
February 2021 in “Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Transdermal drug delivery systems are effective and promising for future use.
33 citations
,
November 2019 in “Journal of Controlled Release” Microneedles with enhancer effectively promote hair growth and increase hair density.
30 citations
,
March 2016 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Optimized film improves finasteride skin absorption and treatment efficiency.
15 citations
,
February 2013 in “Pharmaceutical nanotechnology” Finasteride delivery through skin improved using invasomes and iontophoresis.
13 citations
,
October 2012 in “InTech eBooks” Nanocarriers could improve how drugs are delivered through the skin but require more research to overcome challenges and ensure safety.
11 citations
,
March 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Nandrolone might increase muscle mass with fewer side effects than testosterone but could cause erectile dysfunction and needs more research.
2 citations
,
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” Lipid nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin, offering stability, controlled release, and better compatibility with skin.
1 citations
,
June 2008 in “The Journal of Urology” Dihydrotestosterone gel before hypospadias surgery led to less scarring but raised concerns about potential psychological effects and skin changes.