82 citations
,
January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Hair follicles and glands significantly increase steroid absorption in skin.
18 citations
,
May 2014 in “International journal of pharmaceutics” Aging and sun damage do not increase the skin's absorption of certain sunscreens and drugs.
11 citations
,
December 2011 in “International journal of pharmaceutics” Ultrasound increases skin permeability but blocks hair follicles.
15 citations
,
February 2014 in “Toxicology Letters” Coumarin derivatives cause skin irritation, but coumarin itself does not.
10 citations
,
January 2014 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Balancing lipophilicity and solubility is key for effective and safe ketorolac prodrugs.
November 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Topical Imiquimod may fight vascular tumors by affecting blood vessels or the immune system, low iron might be linked to some hair loss, removing the top skin layer helps vitamin C get in, genetic testing helps diagnose skin conditions, and too much iron could worsen skin inflammation.
21 citations
,
January 2023 in “Biomaterials Science” Microneedle patches with alpha-arbutin and resveratrol can effectively reduce skin pigmentation without irritation.
8 citations
,
December 2024 in “Frontiers in Medicine” Damaged skin has a weakened barrier, making it more vulnerable to substances and inflammation.
156 citations
,
August 2016 in “Journal of controlled release” Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.
31 citations
,
February 2019 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Caffeine applied to the scalp can protect hair follicles from UV damage.
30 citations
,
April 1990 in “Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Tretinoin cream boosts minoxidil absorption, possibly improving hair loss treatment.
25 citations
,
June 2015 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Microneedling helps increase the absorption of a melanin product into hair follicles, which may improve laser hair removal effectiveness.
130 citations
,
August 2020 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy” Nanoparticles can improve skin drug delivery but have challenges like toxicity and stability that need more research.
101 citations
,
October 2016 in “Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine” Fullerenes show potential in skin care but need more safety research.
151 citations
,
July 2011 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Liposomal systems show promise for delivering drugs through the skin but face challenges like high costs and stability issues.
94 citations
,
May 2011 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” Hair follicles greatly increase caffeine absorption through the skin shortly after it's applied.
93 citations
,
April 2012 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Improving skin barrier and using antifungal treatments can help manage dandruff.
52 citations
,
January 2020 in “Scientific Reports” NLCs with manual massage greatly improve clobetasol delivery to hair follicles.
40 citations
,
August 2014 in “Journal of Nanoparticle Research” Silver nanoparticles in gel form can effectively heal wounds.
34 citations
,
July 2010 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery” The document concludes that there is no agreed-upon best method for measuring drug delivery within hair follicles and more research is needed to validate current techniques.
23 citations
,
June 2014 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Finasteride cream helps hair growth with less side effects.
21 citations
,
March 2017 in “Skin research and technology” Removing external lipids from hair reduces moisture and increases strength, while removing internal lipids decreases water permeability.
17 citations
,
August 2019 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Non-invasive methods show promise for diagnosing skin diseases like psoriasis and lupus but need more research for regular use.
14 citations
,
August 2007 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” The compound (1R,2S)-4-(2-Cyano-cyclohexyl-oxy)-2-trifluoromethyl-benzonitrile can stimulate hair growth and reduce oil production when applied topically.
13 citations
,
October 2012 in “InTech eBooks” Nanocarriers could improve how drugs are delivered through the skin but require more research to overcome challenges and ensure safety.
8 citations
,
March 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology” Light and temperature affect the daily skin function rhythms in hairless rats, with temperature influencing water loss but not skin hydration.
1 citations
,
July 2005 in “Drugs and the pharmaceutical sciences” Targeting drugs to hair follicles can treat skin conditions, but reaching deep follicle areas is hard and needs more research.
July 2025 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Switching insulin brands caused skin lesions in a diabetic woman, resolved by changing to oral medication.
July 2024 in “Journal of Controlled Release” Nanostructured lipid carriers effectively deliver tofacitinib to hair follicles, reversing hair loss in alopecia areata.
June 2015 in “Biomedical and biopharmaceutical research” The congress showed advancements in skin hydration, barrier function, and safe, effective new cosmetic formulations.