94 citations
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October 1994 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Too much keratin 16 in mice skin causes abnormal skin thickening and structure.
6 citations
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March 1996 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
19 citations
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January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
76 citations
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December 2011 in “Journal of Cell Science” Different keratin types have unique amino acid patterns that are evolutionarily conserved.
19 citations
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March 2013 in “Biology Letters” Early tetrapod keratins evolved into toe pad proteins in amphibians and hair proteins in mammals.
53 citations
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March 2006 in “Biopolymers” TTD hair is brittle due to fewer sulfur amino acids and unstable disulfide bonds.
September 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Not having enough cystatin M/E protein causes less hair growth and dry skin.
March 1995 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Immature hair cells can grow and change into different types of hair cells over time.
10 citations
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July 1984 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Epidermal cysts come from the skin, while pilar cysts come from hair follicles.
23 citations
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February 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Keratin in mouse hair follicles is complex and plays specific roles.
3 citations
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January 2022 in “Burns & Trauma” CTHRC1 helps sweat glands recover by rebuilding nearby blood vessels.
February 2025 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Keratin 15 helps keep skin cells in a young, undifferentiated state.
438 citations
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October 2010 in “Oncogene” Keratins help protect cells, aid in cancer diagnosis, and influence cancer behavior and treatment.
55 citations
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January 2013 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” African hair's keratin structure is influenced by its higher lipid content.
November 2011 in “International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery” Keratins are key to developing and regenerating hair follicles for treating hair loss.
4 citations
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December 1995 in “Anthropologischer Anzeiger” Family members have similar hair protein patterns, which could be useful for genetic studies.
5 citations
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January 2021 in “BioMed Research International” Noncrosslinked hyaluronic acid helps human hair cells grow and could be a potential hair loss treatment.
10 citations
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June 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” FP-1 is a key protein in rat hair growth, active only during the growth phase.
62 citations
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October 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” New mutations in hair keratin genes can change hair structure and cause monilethrix, with nail issues more common in certain gene mutations.
Retinoic acid affects hair growth and can cause hair loss.
15 citations
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May 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The cell membrane complex in mammalian hair has three distinct types with different structures and chemical properties.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Skin-associated cartilage cells can influence hair growth by altering specific signaling pathways.
86 citations
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August 2000 in “Pigment cell research” Melanocyte activity in hair follicles is linked to the hair growth cycle, being active in growth phases and inactive in rest phases.
76 citations
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February 1993 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” KAP6 genes are conserved across species and active in hair follicles.
3 citations
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December 2013 in “Journal of Cell Science” Keratin 79 cells help form and regenerate hair canals.
37 citations
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May 1998 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Basal cell carcinoma shows keratin patterns similar to undifferentiated hair follicle cells.
54 citations
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May 1994 in “Veterinary Pathology” PTHrP is higher in certain dog tumors and may act as a local growth factor.
4 citations
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August 2006 in “The Journal of Dermatology” HLA can be linked to autoimmune hepatitis.
6 citations
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November 1984 in “Acta Dermato Venereologica” Hair follicles and sweat glands show different keratin staining patterns.
43 citations
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April 1996 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”