135 citations
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October 1997 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Trichohyalin is modified by enzymes to form strong structures in hair cells.
30 citations
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October 2012 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity” Thyroid hormones are important for skin health and might help treat skin diseases, but more research is needed to understand their effects fully.
50 citations
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December 2005 in “European Journal of Immunology” RXRα is crucial for proper immune response and links diet to immune function.
May 2015 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society /Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society” IL-18 signaling helps mature Tregs move into the thymus.
227 citations
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April 2020 in “Cell” More precise, personalized therapies are needed for autoimmune diseases.
9 citations
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January 2015 in “Dermatology Online Journal” A patient with Crohn's disease grew back their hair after stopping Adalimumab, which had caused hair loss.
May 2023 in “The Journal of Immunology” BST2 is a key marker for hair loss disease alopecia areata.
32 citations
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March 2015 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Alopecia areata is linked to thyroid autoimmunity but not type 1 diabetes.
72 citations
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February 2011 in “The American Journal of Dermatopathology” Anti-TNF therapy can cause a unique type of hair loss that may get better with topical treatments without stopping the therapy.
5 citations
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March 2018 in “Advances in integrative medicine” A 23-year-old woman with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis improved significantly after a 15-month integrative treatment plan.
1 citations
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March 2021 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” The letter suggests testosterone replacement therapy might worsen COVID-19 outcomes.
3 citations
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February 2020 in “The Egyptian Rheumatologist” Recognizing LET and AITD can help diagnose SLE early for better treatment.
1 citations
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May 2025 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Increased regulatory T cell activity may lead to better outcomes in acute diffuse and total alopecia.
7 citations
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October 2008 in “Arthritis Care & Research” Aggressive immunosuppressive treatment improved a woman's severe heart condition linked to autoimmune disease.
1 citations
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August 2025 GLP-1 receptor agonists can help skin conditions but may cause hair loss and other skin issues.
46 citations
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July 1974 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Low estrogen and high testosterone may cause excessive hair growth in women.
January 2003 in “Hepatology” 37 citations
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October 2014 in “JAMA dermatology” A woman with severe hair loss was successfully treated with the drug adalimumab.
2 citations
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April 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” T cells affect skin cell genes in inflammatory diseases, and therapy can normalize these changes.
A TNFAIP3 gene mutation can cause unusual and varied symptoms of lupus and Sjogren's syndrome.
Tjalma Syndrome is a rare condition in people with lupus, causing fluid buildup and high CA-125 levels, but not due to tumors.
February 2010 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Methotrexate treatment for rheumatoid arthritis has a serious infection rate of about two per 100 patient-years.
1 citations
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April 2022 in “Rheumatology” A man developed autoimmune symptoms after the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine, highlighting the need for thorough vaccine safety checks.
2 citations
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April 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” Testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women appears safe and may protect against heart disease, but requires constant monitoring and more research for long-term effects.
2 citations
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August 2022 in “Federal Practitioner” A severe medication reaction required long treatment and led to hair loss and thyroid issues.
2 citations
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July 2016 in “Pharmacopsychiatry” A person with Turner Syndrome showed severe schizophrenia that didn't respond to treatment and had brain shrinkage.
May 2024 in “Drug discovery today” Thyroid receptor β can help develop new drugs to treat hair loss.
13 citations
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September 2013 in “Steroids” The DHT immunoassay is unreliable due to high cross-reactivity with testosterone.
1 citations
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October 2021 in “Endokrynologia Polska” Levothyroxine is less effective in men with early-onset male-pattern baldness.