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This review discusses the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) as a cell-free therapy for burn management, focusing on their roles in inflammation regulation, angiogenesis, epithelial regeneration, and ECM remodeling. The authors propose a framework for translating these therapies into clinical practice, highlighting their advantages in addressing inflammation, regeneration, and fibrosis. However, challenges such as donor consistency, GMP compliance, standardization of quality attributes, and optimization of administration strategies need to be addressed. The review emphasizes the importance of establishing standardized production and quality-control systems and conducting multicenter randomized studies to facilitate the translation of MSC/EV therapies from research to clinical application.

The study presents a novel tannin-modified cellulose-polypyrrole nonwoven dressing (TA/Cell@PPy) designed to accelerate wound healing by combining antimicrobial protection with electrotherapy. The dressing utilizes tannic acid for antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, and conductive polypyrrole to enhance endogenous electric fields, promoting re-epithelialization. In vivo evaluations show that TA/Cell@PPy significantly speeds up wound closure through enhanced granulation tissue, optimized collagen matrix organization, and stimulated angiogenesis. Its biomimetic nanofibrous architecture ensures biocompatibility and prevents secondary trauma during dressing changes, offering a promising solution for complex wound management by addressing infection control and tissue regeneration simultaneously.