November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The patient likely has Chrousos syndrome, a rare condition causing insensitivity to glucocorticoids, requiring high-dose dexamethasone treatment.
95 citations
,
September 1979 in “Acta Paediatrica” Girls have higher DHEA levels earlier in puberty than boys, indicating earlier development.
101 citations
,
January 2014 in “Journal of Visualized Experiments” The method effectively measures long-term stress levels using hair samples.
9 citations
,
February 2020 in “Stress” Children with lower inhibitory control experience more stress when starting third grade.
August 2015 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” February 2017 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Hair cortisol measurement is a promising, non-invasive tool for monitoring cortisol exposure over time.
19 citations
,
June 2020 in “General and comparative endocrinology” Hair cortisol is a reliable stress indicator in cattle but may not be valid for pigs.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Hair cortisol measurement can help diagnose and monitor Cushing’s disease.
Hair cortisol content can indicate cortisol exposure and varies with age, puberty, and BMI in youth.
January 2018 in “Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno)” Hair cortisol levels can indicate chronic stress in children, with differences seen between races.
41 citations
,
January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cortisone reductase deficiency can cause high androgen and cortisol levels and may be missed in women with similar symptoms.
May 2026 in “Microchemical Journal” 5 citations
,
June 2020 in “Therapeutic drug monitoring” Hair sample weight is a better measure for cortisol levels in hair than hair protein concentration.
4 citations
,
September 2024 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Serum steroid profiling, especially 11-deoxycortisol, helps distinguish between adrenocortical carcinoma and adenoma, considering sex and functional status.
July 2020 in “Endocrine practice” A 13-year-old boy with Cushing syndrome has high cortisol levels from a pituitary gland issue and underdeveloped sexual characteristics.
42 citations
,
November 2019 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” The document suggests creating a validated score to diagnose Cushing's Syndrome and considers plasma steroid profiling as a simpler diagnostic method.
January 2026 in “Digital Repository (National Repository of Grey Literature)” Horse management affects stress levels, with police horses having the highest cortisol.
Depressed teens have different steroid levels in urine, which may help identify and treat them.
6 citations
,
August 1975 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Cortisol and corticosterone thin mouse skin and regress hair follicles, while testosterone promotes skin and hair development.
567 citations
,
October 2007 in “Clinical and investigative medicine” Hair cortisol can be used to measure long-term stress exposure.
296 citations
,
October 2018 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Hair cortisol is a reliable way to measure long-term stress in animals.
85 citations
,
January 2014 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Hair cortisol levels in children increase with age but are not affected by gender, puberty, or hair care.
1 citations
,
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Blocking a specific enzyme can reduce the negative impact of stress hormones on hair growth cells.
157 citations
,
June 2015 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Hair cortisol and cortisone levels increase with age, are higher in diabetics, vary by gender, decrease with frequent hair washing, and are lower in winter.
February 2026 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Hair cortisol concentration partly reflects HPA axis regulation but doesn't capture all its complexities.
30 citations
,
January 2001 in “Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association” High adrenal sex hormones in dogs with hypercortisolemia can mislead adrenal hyperplasia diagnosis.
5 citations
,
June 2010 in “Universitas Psychologica” Progesterone helps protect against stress-related memory and behavior issues in rats.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The desmopressin stimulation test helped identify an adrenal cause for a patient's Cushing's syndrome.
15 citations
,
April 2016 in “Hormones” Mutations in the NR3C1 gene cause a rare condition that affects hormone signaling and can lead to various symptoms, with dexamethasone as a treatment option.
16 citations
,
March 2013 in “Clinica Chimica Acta” Cortisol and cortisone release from hair increases in steps over time during incubation.