Higher apelin-12 levels may indicate more severe acne.
108 citations
,
July 2009 in “Experimental Dermatology” Leptin may improve skin regeneration and hair growth, and help reverse skin aging.
Thymosin β4 helps with healing, inflammation, and organ protection.
April 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Laminin-511 is involved in psoriasis development and can be regulated by cannabinoid receptor type 1.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy Sciences” Metformin may improve acanthosis nigricans by reducing insulin resistance.
Not having the gene PLAAT3 leads to fat loss, high insulin resistance, and abnormal fat levels in the blood due to a disruption in fat cell development and function.
August 2025 in “Bioactive Materials” Ac-GFFY-IGF peptide is a promising, safe, and effective treatment for hair loss, better than current options.
2 citations
,
April 2024 in “Medical Journal Armed Forces India” 12 citations
,
January 1999 in “Journal of Animal Science” Glucocorticoids and thyroid hormones together are essential for fetal fat development.
24 citations
,
January 2012 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” C-reactive protein helps monocytes stick to blood vessel cells by causing oxidative stress.
28 citations
,
July 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Sca-1+ cells in newborn mouse skin may become fat cells.
March 2026 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Upadacitinib improved multiple immune-related conditions in one patient.
April 2019 in “International research journal of pharmacy” Adiantum capillus extract reduces pain and swelling in animals.
4 citations
,
February 2024 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia”
January 2026 in “Journal of Materials Chemistry B” TA-Ado effectively promotes hair growth and reduces hair loss.
March 2026 in “Adipocyte” Spt4 and Spt6 are essential for fat cell development.
88 citations
,
August 2014 in “PLOS genetics” Syndecan-1 is essential for maintaining skin fat and preventing cold stress.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Upadacitinib effectively treats pyoderma gangrenosum.
1 citations
,
November 2018 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Signals from skin cells controlled by Rac proteins help turn certain precursor cells into white fat cells.
6 citations
,
January 2018 in “Dermato-endocrinology” Darkened knuckles can be an early sign of insulin resistance.
7 citations
,
April 2023 in “Biomedicines” Dihydrotestosterone boosts inflammation in fat cells more than testosterone.
April 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Two microRNAs in stem cell exosomes help treat hair loss by targeting a specific signaling pathway.
15 citations
,
March 2014 in “Biochimica and biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids” ACBP is essential for healthy skin and fur by maintaining the skin's barrier function.
3 citations
,
September 2024 in “The FASEB Journal” Dermal white adipose tissue helps regulate hair growth, protect skin, and aid wound healing.
5 citations
,
October 2024 in “Reumatismo” Upadacitinib significantly improved alopecia universalis and psoriatic arthritis in a patient.
2 citations
,
May 2025 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Upadacitinib is safe and effective for treating alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis in children.
April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Pdgfα signaling helps maintain fat cells in the skin and is important for hair growth, wound healing, and fighting infections.
September 2025 in “Development” Nelfb is crucial for forming skin fat tissue by regulating genes needed for fat cell development.
November 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Adrenomedullin 2 stops cell growth and causes cell death in human hair follicles.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Obesity can weaken the skin's ability to fight infections because fat cells stop and reduce the infection-fighting properties of nearby stem cells.