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GlossaryCytochrome P450

enzymes metabolize drugs and toxins in the liver

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) refers to a large family of enzymes that play a crucial role in the metabolism of various substances within the body, including drugs, toxins, and hormones. These enzymes are primarily found in the liver and are essential for the detoxification process, as well as the synthesis of cholesterol, steroids, and other lipids.

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11α-Hydroxyprogesterone, a Potent 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Inhibitor, Is Metabolized by Steroid-5α-Reductase and Cytochrome P450 17α-Hydroxylase/17,20-Lyase to Produce C11α-Derivatives of 21-Deoxycortisol and 11-Hydroxyandrostenedione In Vitro

research 11α-Hydroxyprogesterone, a potent 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor, is metabolised by steroid-5α-reductase and cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase to produce C11α-derivatives of 21-deoxycortisol and 11-hydroxyandrostenedione in vitro

7 citations , April 2019 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”

11α-Hydroxyprogesterone is changed into different substances by certain enzymes and may play a role in prostate cancer.

research Disruptors of Androgen Action and Synthesis

1 citations , January 2015 in “Elsevier eBooks”

Certain pesticides and fungicides can interfere with male hormone functions, potentially causing reproductive issues in male rats.

research Successful treatment of female-pattern hair loss with spironolactone in a 9-year-old girl

26 citations , April 2009 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology”

Spironolactone successfully treated hair loss in a 9-year-old girl.

research In Vitro Main Pathways of Steroid Action in Cultured Hair Follicle Cells: Vascular Approach

30 citations , December 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings”

Steroids, particularly estrogens and 5α-reductase inhibitors, affect blood vessel-related hair growth processes in hair follicle cells.

research Steroidogenesis of the testis – new genes and pathways

70 citations , April 2014 in “Annales d'endocrinologie”

New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.

research Baiting Proteins with C₆₀

106 citations , April 2010 in “ACS Nano”

C60 fullerenes can alter protein function and may help develop new disease inhibitors.

Different Levels of 5α-Reductase Type I and II, Aromatase, and Androgen Receptor in Hair Follicles of Women and Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

research Different Levels of 5α-Reductase Type I and II, Aromatase, and Androgen Receptor in Hair Follicles of Women and Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

416 citations , September 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

People with hair loss have more androgen receptors and enzymes in certain follicles, with men and women showing different patterns.

Identification of a Cyclosporine-Specific P450 Hydroxylase Gene Through Targeted Cytochrome P450 Complement Disruption in Sebekia Benihana

research Identification of a Cyclosporine-Specific P450 Hydroxylase Gene through Targeted Cytochrome P450 Complement (CYPome) Disruption in Sebekia benihana

13 citations , January 2013 in “Applied and Environmental Microbiology”

A gene in Sebekia benihana, CYP-sb21, is needed for a specific reaction on the drug Cyclosporine A, which could be important for hair growth without affecting the immune system.

research The Role of Cytochrome P-450 in Dermatology

8 citations , October 1989 in “International Journal of Dermatology”

Cytochrome P-450 enzymes in the skin help break down various substances and could be targeted to treat skin conditions.

research Cytochrome P450: A Target for Drug Development for Skin Diseases

115 citations , August 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Modulating Cytochrome P450 activity could help develop new skin disease treatments.

Astilbin Activates the Reactive Oxidative Species/PPARγ Pathway to Suppress Effector CD4+ T Cell Activities via Direct Binding With Cytochrome P450 1B1

research Astilbin Activates the Reactive Oxidative Species/PPARγ Pathway to Suppress Effector CD4+ T Cell Activities via Direct Binding With Cytochrome P450 1B1

1 citations , May 2022 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology”

Astilbin can potentially calm overactive immune responses, like in Type 1 Diabetes, by suppressing certain cell activities and reducing inflammation.

research Study on Changes of 19 Steroids in Plasma From 9 Diagnosed Patients With P450 Oxidoreductase Deficiency

September 2021 in “Research Square (Research Square)”

Certain hormone levels can help diagnose P450 oxidoreductase deficiency.

research Identification of human cytochrome P450 isozymes responsible for the in vitro oxidative metabolism of finasteride.

20 citations , October 1995 in “PubMed”

Xenobiotic-Metabolizing Enzymes in the Skin of Rat, Mouse, Pig, Guinea Pig, Man, and in Human Skin Models

research Xenobiotica-metabolizing enzymes in the skin of rat, mouse, pig, guinea pig, man, and in human skin models

38 citations , June 2018 in “Archives of Toxicology”

Different species and human skin models vary in their skin enzyme activities, with pig skin and some models closely matching human skin, useful for safety assessments and understanding the skin's protective roles.

research A novel regio-specific cyclosporin hydroxylase gene revealed through the genome mining of Pseudonocardia autotrophica

3 citations , March 2014 in “Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology”

Scientists found a new gene in a bacterium that can modify an immunosuppressant drug, potentially helping to treat hair loss.

research Integrating multi-omics analyses of Nonomuraea dietziae to reveal the role of soybean oil in [(4′-OH)MeLeu]4-CsA overproduction

1 citations , July 2017 in “Microbial Cell Factories”

Adding soybean oil to Nonomuraea dietziae increases production of a beneficial compound by improving metabolism and enzyme systems.

research Finasteride, A Steroid 5α-Reductase Inhibitor, Does Not Affect the Oxidative Metabolism of Antipyrine

9 citations , October 1993 in “The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology”

Finasteride doesn't affect antipyrine metabolism, so interactions with cytochrome P-450 enzyme drugs are unlikely.

Synaptic Long-Term Potentiation and Depression in the Rat Medial Vestibular Nuclei Depend on Neural Activation of Estrogenic and Androgenic Signals

research Synaptic Long-Term Potentiation and Depression in the Rat Medial Vestibular Nuclei Depend on Neural Activation of Estrogenic and Androgenic Signals

25 citations , November 2013 in “PLoS ONE”

Estrogen and androgen signals control synaptic changes in rat brains.

research Skin Cancer: Mechanisms and Human Relevance

213 citations , December 1994 in “Medical Entomology and Zoology”

Skin cancer involves complex mechanisms, risk factors, and can be potentially prevented with strategies like dietary changes and certain compounds.

research Metabolic pathways of eicosanoids—derivatives of arachidonic acid and their significance in skin

January 2025 in “Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters”

Eicosanoids are crucial for skin health, and targeting their pathways may help treat skin conditions.

research Interaction of antiretroviral medications with finasteride

November 2012 in “Journal of the International AIDS Society”

Antiretrovirals can affect finasteride's effectiveness, so dose adjustments may be needed for men on HIV treatment.

research A Case of Virilizing Brenner Tumor in a Postmenopausal Woman With Stromal Androgenic Activity

6 citations , June 2006 in “International Journal of Gynecological Pathology”

A postmenopausal woman's hormone imbalance and symptoms improved after removing benign ovarian tumors.

research Functional characterization and unraveling the structural determinants of novel steroid hydroxylase CYP154C7 from Streptomyces sp. PAMC26508

4 citations , October 2024 in “Heliyon”

CYP154C7 enzyme can effectively modify steroids and is promising for commercial use.

The Impact of Cannabis Use on Local Anesthetic Dosing During Hair Restoration Surgery: A Case Report, Proposed Mechanisms, and Clinical Recommendations

research The impact of cannabis use on local anesthetic dosing during hair restoration surgery: a case report, proposed mechanisms, and clinical recommendations

March 2025 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment”

Cannabis users may need higher anesthetic doses during hair restoration surgery.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects in LPS-Treated RAW 264.7 Cells and the Influences on Drug Metabolizing Enzyme Activities by the Traditional Herbal Formulas, Yongdamsagan-Tang and Paljung-San

research Anti-inflammatory Effects in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 Cells and the Influences on Drug Metabolizing Enzyme Activities by the Traditional Herbal Formulas, Yongdamsagan-Tang and Paljung-san

December 2021 in “Daehanhanuihakoeji”

The traditional herbal formulas Yongdamsagan-Tang and Paljung-san, along with the drug finasteride, can reduce inflammation and may work together without affecting each other's effectiveness against benign prostatic hyperplasia.

research Dienogest

64 citations , January 1998 in “Drugs”

Dienogest combined with ethinylestradiol is a highly effective birth control that improves menstrual symptoms and has manageable side effects.

research Hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovarian syndrome and role of CYP gene variants: a review

49 citations , November 2019 in “Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics”

Certain gene variants may contribute to high androgen levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

research Algorithms For Preventive Measures For Disease Prevention And Antioxidant Protection

January 2022 in “European Proceedings of Life Sciences”

Understanding genetic traits can help doctors create personalized detox and nutrition plans to boost antioxidant protection.

research Red ginseng monograph

67 citations , May 2018 in “Journal of Ginseng Research”

Red ginseng may improve immunity, fatigue, memory, blood circulation, and menopausal symptoms, and is generally safe to consume.

research Teriflunomide in Patients with Relapsing–Remitting Forms of Multiple Sclerosis

29 citations , January 2016 in “CNS drugs”

Teriflunomide is effective and generally safe for treating relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.