April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 12-year-old boy with PAIS successfully developed male characteristics using high-dose testosterone and anastrozole.
January 2025 in “Biomedicines” High testosterone levels can harm fertility by disrupting the LIF signaling pathway in the uterus.
23 citations
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July 2015 in “The Journal of Membrane Biology” Testosterone increases certain proteins in the uterus, reducing fluid volume.
April 2010 in “The Journal of Urology” Human prostate cells produce more WISP1/CCN4 when there's not enough oxygen.
The new testosterone detection kit is accurate, cost-effective, and useful for diagnosing diseases.
January 1986 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Women with severe acne, hirsutism, and androgenic alopecia often have higher levels of certain androgens, but the specific pattern can't be predicted just by looking at symptoms.
February 2018 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Natesto nasal gel improves erectile function and mood in men with low testosterone within 30 days.
4 citations
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September 1993 in “Steroids” The method accurately measures testosterone metabolites with high sensitivity and low environmental impact.
41 citations
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March 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” In STSD patients, the body compensates for low androgen levels by increasing another enzyme's activity.
16 citations
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January 1998 in “Dermatology” Human sebaceous glands can grow normally for a week without certain growth factors, and adding estrogen reduces their oil production without affecting cell growth.
April 2018 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.
September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Estetrol (E4) may help treat female pattern hair loss by prolonging hair growth.
403 citations
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November 2005 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Estetrol may help prevent hair loss and support hair growth in women.
May 2013 in “UTUPub (University of Turku)” Including androgens in hormone therapy may lower breast cancer risk.
April 2010 in “The Journal of Urology” The research found that androgens help control blood flow in the rat prostate through a specific binding site.
8 citations
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March 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.
34 citations
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December 2012 in “Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care” Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.
11 citations
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November 1982 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Testosterone and some of its forms can strongly stimulate oil gland growth in skin.
30 citations
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March 1980 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Adrenal androgens are important for puberty and are influenced by genetics.
28 citations
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November 2017 in “Molecular and cellular endocrinology” Testosterone and its byproducts help support male sexual behavior through different pathways in the brain and body.
2 citations
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March 2012 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” The body's change of testosterone into DHT is not necessary for testosterone's muscle and sexual effects.
July 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Skin produces different hormones depending on body part and sex, and a new method can measure them.
February 2023 in “riUfes (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo)” High testosterone affects blood vessel function, with estrogen playing a key role in maintaining heart health.
21 citations
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January 1999 in “Endocrine” Testosterone raises blood pressure by affecting kidney function and brain gene regulation over time.
May 2023 in “Problems of Endocrinology” Men with high testosterone may have higher morning blood pressure, unlike those with high DHT.
17 citations
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August 2015 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” The study found that urine metabolites M1b or M4 are the best indicators of ATD use in horses, with detection possible up to 77 hours in urine and 28 hours in blood.
5 citations
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January 1989 Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone slow hair cell growth, while estradiol has no effect.
43 citations
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November 1975 in “Archives of Dermatology” Testosterone affects hair loss, acne, and excessive hair growth, and antiandrogens can help treat these conditions.