March 2024 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal/Middle East Fertility Society Journal ” PCOS patients have more central body fat, which can be effectively measured using DEXA.
4 citations
,
March 2021 in “International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health” Women with PCOS have higher body fat and skinfold thickness, especially in the H-O-POM phenotype.
29 citations
,
October 2020 in “eLife” Higher testosterone levels can increase the risk of certain diseases like type 2 diabetes in women and prostate cancer in men, but can also protect against autoimmune diseases and hair loss. It also affects body fat and bone density.
1 citations
,
January 2017 in “Journal of rare disease research & treatment” Obesity is common in PCOS patients and early treatment is important for their heart and metabolic health.
September 2023 in “Journal of the turkish academy of dermatology” Men with male pattern baldness had higher body fat and obesity-related measurements but similar heart fat and artery thickness compared to healthy men.
4 citations
,
June 2021 in “Applied Sciences” Women with PCOS have higher body fat and worse insulin resistance and lipid profiles.
90 citations
,
February 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.
105 citations
,
February 2011 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Treating sleep apnea in young obese women with PCOS can improve heart health and insulin sensitivity.
1 citations
,
October 2024 in “Cureus” Women with PCOS have higher irisin levels, which may affect their metabolism and hormones.
21 citations
,
December 2012 in “Biological Trace Element Research” Higher hair levels of calcium and magnesium are linked to higher body weight, while lower levels are linked to worse metabolic health.
18 citations
,
September 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Women with PCOS have higher levels of a certain growth factor, which can be reduced by taking metformin.
May 2017 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Men with early hair loss and certain health factors may have a higher risk of developing reproductive issues, similar to polycystic ovary syndrome in women.
31 citations
,
January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
Men with hair loss may have more body fat and different blood characteristics.
30 citations
,
July 2017 in “Stem cells and cloning” SVF-enhanced adipose transplantation shows potential as a hair loss treatment.
10 citations
,
February 2017 in “Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation” Metformin effectively improves metabolic symptoms in women with PCOS, while alfacalcidiol does not have a significant impact.
37 citations
,
June 2011 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.
July 2023 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.
February 2026 in “British Journal of Sports Medicine” Transgender women have similar fitness to cisgender women, while transgender men have higher fat and lower strength than cisgender men; hormone therapy affects body composition and strength.
December 2024 in “Frontiers in Neurology” Testosterone with finasteride improved muscle and bone health in men with spinal cord injury.
January 2025 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Poor nutrition, higher BMI, and stress may worsen seborrheic dermatitis.
November 2025 in “Medicina” Alopecia areata may be linked to changes in body fat but not to heart or artery issues.
14 citations
,
August 2014 in “Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism” A low-starch/low-dairy diet may help overweight women with PCOS lose weight and improve metabolism, but more research is needed.
218 citations
,
October 2013 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Mice lacking the PPARγ gene in their fat cells had almost no fat tissue, severe metabolic problems, and abnormal development of other fat-related tissues.
506 citations
,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.
8 citations
,
March 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone have similar effects on body composition and metabolic health in men.
1 citations
,
June 2001 in “Annals of Internal Medicine” Troglitazone increases subcutaneous fat in lipodystrophy patients.
A very low-calorie ketogenic diet led to weight loss and improved metabolic and hormonal health in obese men, with better sperm motility.
7 citations
,
October 2024 in “Livers” Sex hormones affect liver fat and metabolic health differently in men and women.
2 citations
,
April 2023 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Tiny fat-derived particles can help repair soft tissues by changing immune cell types.