Antiepileptic drugs can cause cosmetic side effects and affect menstrual cycles, fertility, and bone health in women with epilepsy.
July 1989 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Minoxidil helps increase hair growth and density in people with hair loss, with higher concentrations giving better results.
December 2000 in “Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine” Antiandrogen therapy may help treat hidradenitis suppurativa.
Women with androgenetic alopecia (hair loss) have normal prostate specific antigen levels but higher testosterone levels.
16 citations
,
March 2000 in “Clinical Biochemistry” Women with hair loss had higher levels of certain hormones, suggesting a link to a condition like PCOS.
11 citations
,
January 1985 in “Archives of Dermatology” Topical antiandrogens might treat skin issues like hair growth, balding, and acne, but finding effective treatments without side effects is challenging.
10 citations
,
December 2002 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Cyproterone acetate can cause rare shortness of breath in women.
8 citations
,
September 2018 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Lower irisin levels in the blood may indicate more severe acne.
2 citations
,
January 2002 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Molecular diagnostics help identify genetic defects causing endocrine diseases, improving diagnosis and treatment options.
253 citations
,
March 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.
67 citations
,
September 2008 in “Dermatologic therapy” Hirsutism is excessive hair growth in women often caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome, and identifying the cause is important for managing associated health risks.
34 citations
,
May 2017 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Women with PCOS have a higher risk of diabetes, heart problems, certain cancers, and mental health issues, but early treatment can help manage these risks.
19 citations
,
March 2008 in “Nature clinical practice endocrinology & metabolism” A combined drug and laser treatment improved hirsutism in a PCOS patient, also enhancing her heart health and requiring regular liver and kidney checks.
6 citations
,
October 2018 in “Endocrinology” Prenatally androgenized ewes can model increased hair diameter in women with PCOS.
430 citations
,
July 2002 in “Journal of Endocrinology” The hypothesis suggests that PCOS may start early in life due to genetic and environmental factors, influencing future reproductive and metabolic problems.
124 citations
,
June 2002 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome likely starts in childhood and may be genetic and influenced by early hormone exposure.
42 citations
,
June 2015 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Women with PCOS often have mood disorders and a lower quality of life, and treatment should focus on both physical and mental health.
24 citations
,
January 2001 in “Dermatologic clinics” Hormonal therapy is a treatment option for acne, the only medical treatment for hirsutism, and the most promising for androgenetic alopecia.
21 citations
,
November 2015 in “Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics” Greek women with PCOS have a higher risk of metabolic syndrome and are more likely to be overweight compared to healthy controls.
16 citations
,
January 2023 in “Cureus” PCOS in teens causes hormonal imbalances, irregular periods, and can lead to infertility and other health issues.
16 citations
,
May 2019 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Selenium might help with insulin resistance and cholesterol in PCOS, but more research is needed to confirm its benefits.
14 citations
,
March 2023 in “Scientific Reports” Oxidative stress, not insulin resistance, is significantly related to free androgen index in PCOS.
11 citations
,
August 2020 in “Diabetes” Testosterone helps human pancreatic cells increase insulin release.
10 citations
,
May 1995 in “Journal of General Internal Medicine” Most women with excessive hair growth have PCOS; treatment varies and focuses on preventing new hair, with electrolysis as the only permanent removal method.
4 citations
,
July 2019 in “Children (Basel)” The review concludes that more research is needed to better improve the health outcomes for people with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome.
March 2026 in “Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine” PCOS diagnosis and management have improved with new guidelines for personalized care.
January 2026 in “Scientific Reports” PCOS involves immune and genetic factors, with key roles for T cells and specific genes.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy Sciences” Metformin may improve acanthosis nigricans by reducing insulin resistance.
August 2025 in “DS Reviews of Research in Life Sciences” Women with PCOS have higher levels of DHEA, IL-6, and TNF-α.
March 2025 in “Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Rodent models of PCOS show some hormone changes similar to humans, but also have key differences.