7 citations
,
May 2023 in “Nanomaterials” Titanium dioxide nanoparticles may harm the male reproductive system.
1 citations
,
January 2020 in “Bioscience Reports” Long-term use of finasteride in women can cause hormonal changes, DNA damage, and menstrual issues.
3 citations
,
February 2018 in “Human Reproduction” A man with testotoxicosis was fertile despite low FSH levels, suggesting high testosterone may allow sperm production without FSH.
September 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” High doses of testosterone disrupt hormone levels and receptor expression in the uterus, affecting fertility.
20 citations
,
April 2009 in “Fertility and Sterility”
August 2012 in “Pharmaceutical Medicine” The document concludes that various medications and treatments can have significant, sometimes adverse, effects on health outcomes.
72 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
3 citations
,
November 2024 in “Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal” Anabolic-androgenic steroids can harm women's health and their offspring.
7 citations
,
September 2023 in “Cancer Treatment Reviews” Managing side effects of endocrine therapy is crucial to improve adherence and survival in breast cancer patients.
30 citations
,
January 2007 Cyclophosphamide can cause serious short-term and long-term side effects, including increased cancer risk and infertility.
Testosterone's health effects are complex and not definitively understood.
August 2011 in “Reproductive Toxicology”
February 2026 in “Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy” High-dose radioactive iodine therapy does not harm fertility in thyroidectomy patients.
26 citations
,
January 2014 in “ALTEX” Pesticides can cause reproductive and adrenal health issues.
60 citations
,
November 2009 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Fadrozole and finasteride change gene expression related to sex hormones and thyroid hormones in frog larvae development.
18 citations
,
June 2009 in “Journal of Molecular Endocrinology” Finasteride exposure harms tadpole reproduction and hormone balance.
April 2015 in “Andrology” HNG may help prevent the negative effects of chemotherapy on sperm production and white blood cell counts.
49 citations
,
March 2018 in “Toxicological sciences” Low doses of mixed chemicals cause permanent reproductive malformations in male rats.
19 citations
,
July 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” GTx-024 and Danazol affect the uterus like DHT, while GTx-007 has little impact.
January 2025 in “EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS” Gamma-ray exposure improves genome editing efficiency in mice using the i-GONAD method.
2 citations
,
June 2024 in “Parasites & Vectors” Chronic T. gondii infection may harm male fertility.
Increased free testosterone can lead to stronger bones and less body fat but also higher risks of prostate cancer, hair loss, spine issues, and high blood pressure.
Dutasteride did not change rat spermatogenesis or oxidative stress but needs more research.
24 citations
,
July 1980 in “Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health” High doses of norethindrone acetate in rats caused various organ changes but didn't significantly increase tumor rates.
18 citations
,
October 2018 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Some skin medications can harm male fertility, but they don't seem to cause birth defects from father's exposure.
4 citations
,
May 2019 in “Biology open” Testosterone reduces heart damage and inflammation after injury.
9 citations
,
January 1997 in “Endocrine Journal” Gonadal biopsy is the best method to diagnose gonadal dysgenesis.
8 citations
,
August 2015 in “Endocrine” 45 citations
,
April 2021 in “Current Treatment Options in Oncology” ADT for prostate cancer may harm the heart, but GnRH antagonists might be safer.
108 citations
,
January 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” Weak endocrine disruptors in mixtures can have significant effects and should be considered in risk assessments.