5 citations
,
December 2020 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Treatments improved hair surface and scale structure but didn't increase certain bonds in the hair cortex.
49 citations
,
April 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair ages as the cuticle wears down, especially beyond 1 meter from the root, affecting its strength and shine.
January 2015 in “Chinese Veterinary Science” Recognizing ultrastructures of cashmere goat hair follicles helps identify and locate follicle layers.
13 citations
,
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair coloring increases copper and calcium uptake, damaging hair and reducing shine.
November 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Hair absorbs moisture differently based on its structure and treatment, with changes occurring at 30% humidity.
13 citations
,
June 2011 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Human hair absorbs calcium and magnesium from tap water, affecting its structure and styling properties.
14 citations
,
July 2007 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The new 3D imaging method accurately measures hair surface details quickly.
425 citations
,
August 2002 in “BioEssays” The cornified cell envelope forms a protective barrier in skin and hair, using specific proteins and lipids to maintain effectiveness.
8 citations
,
July 2004 in “Journal of morphology” Marsupial hair structure and keratin distribution are similar to placental mammals.
30 citations
,
April 2009 in “Mycoses” Microsporum gypseum fungus breaks down keratin in hair by digesting it enzymatically, starting with less keratinized parts.
January 2000 in “Zhongguo yixue wulixue zazhi” Different human hair keratin types have unique structures that affect how they dissolve and can be used to create self-tendons.
December 2018 in “72° Congresso di Anatomia e Istologia” Micro-grafts improved hair growth in patients with hair loss.
9 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of structural biology” Hair's internal fibers are arranged in a pattern that doesn't let much water in, and treatments like oils and heat change how much water hair can absorb.
December 2021 in “Journal of natural fibers” The conclusion is that new methods for isolating hair cuticle cells and removing the cuticle layer are effective and convenient.
Prussian Blue causes hair cuticles to detach, weakening the hair.
20 citations
,
December 2012 in “Journal of molecular structure” The study found that thioglycolic acid breaks down hair bonds more consistently than l-cysteine, which is less damaging to hair.
1 citations
,
January 2007 in “AIP conference proceedings” High-resolution x-ray images showed three main structures in human hair: medulla, cortex, and cuticle.
6 citations
,
April 2005 in “Journal of dermatological science” The study found nine new hair protein genes in human hair follicles.
10 citations
,
November 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.
4 citations
,
May 2014 in “PubMed” Monoethanolamine-based hair colorants can cause more damage to hair than ammonia-based ones.
36 citations
,
October 2014 in “Langmuir” Bleaching hair removes its protective top layer and exposes more hydrophilic groups, changing its chemical surface and affecting how it interacts with products.
February 1999 in “The anatomical record” Two mouse mutants have defective hair cuticle cross-linking.
September 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Chemical treatments change hair surface properties, making it more hydrophilic and able to bind conditioners.
2 citations
,
February 2016 in “Journal of sol-gel science and technology” A small molecule can strengthen fine hair, making it more resistant and natural-feeling.
6 citations
,
January 2006 in “Journal of dermatological science” Runx1 helps control the KAP5 gene in human hair follicles.
30 citations
,
July 2000 in “PubMed” Hair has unevenly distributed proteins and lipids, with lipids mainly in the cuticle and proteins in the cortex and medulla.
27 citations
,
January 1995 Melanin in black hair protects it from sun damage better than light-brown hair.
20 citations
,
September 2018 in “Journal of colloid and interface science” Modified keratin binds better to hair, especially bleached hair.
7 citations
,
August 2018 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Chemical hair straightening improves smoothness and shine but may cause side effects, suggesting a need for safer methods.
March 2026 in “Dyes and Pigments” Riboflavin and blue light speed up genipin hair dye, making it fast, glossy, stable, and eco-friendly.