January 2023 in “Discovery immunology” T cells and bacteria in the gut and skin help maintain health and protect against disease.
October 2021 in “Dermatology Reports” Higher IL-17A levels indicate more severe alopecia areata.
Metformin shows promise for treating skin conditions, but more research is needed.
15 citations
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January 2022 in “Immune Network/Immune network” New targeted immunotherapies are improving treatment for inflammatory skin diseases.
2 citations
,
May 2022 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” BST2 protein and certain T cells increase in early alopecia areata.
52 citations
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January 2023 in “Annual Review of Immunology” Immune-epithelial interactions are crucial for tissue repair, but unchecked can cause diseases.
8 citations
,
June 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Tiny particles called extracellular vesicles show promise for skin improvement and anti-aging in facial care but face challenges like low production and lack of research.
7 citations
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June 2022 in “Frontiers in Medicine” ADSC-derived extracellular vesicles show promise for skin and hair regeneration and wound healing.
2 citations
,
November 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Balancing good and harmful microbes is key to healing chronic wounds.
2 citations
,
April 2025 in “Biologics” Dupilumab and ustekinumab are promising treatments for alopecia areata, showing significant hair regrowth.
1 citations
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January 2024 in “Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters” Adipose-derived stem cells help heal burns but need more research.
February 2026 in “Veterinary Sciences” SPARC-modified stem cells significantly improve dog skin wound healing.
October 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Extracellular vesicles from mammary cells help heal skin wounds effectively.
45 citations
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April 2019 in “International Immunology” The study concluded that immune cells attacking hair follicles cause hair loss in alopecia, with genetics and environment also playing a role, and highlighted the potential of certain treatments.
9 citations
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January 2015 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology” Alopecia areata in elderly people is usually mild and responds well to treatment.
5 citations
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February 2022 in “Seminars in cell & developmental biology” Recent findings suggest that genetic factors, immune system issues, and skin cell defects might contribute to the development of hidradenitis suppurativa.
4 citations
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March 2025 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Pediatric alopecia areata needs more research to understand its characteristics and related conditions.
3 citations
,
January 2023 in “JEADV Clinical Practice” IL-17 is more important than IFN-γ in causing severe hair loss in chronic alopecia areata.
1 citations
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October 2024 in “Medicina” CLEC4D gene variants may increase the risk of alopecia areata in Jordanians.
November 2023 in “Aktualʹnì problemi sučasnoï medicini” The guidelines suggest using various treatments, including antidepressants and steroids, for alopecia areata and discuss the condition's genetic and immune aspects.
Minoxidil and finasteride are the only FDA-approved treatments for hair loss caused by genetic and hormonal factors, but their effectiveness is often doubted, indicating a need for new treatments.
December 2022 in “Dermatology and Therapy” Alopecia areata needs more recognition and better treatment access in Latin America to improve patient care and outcomes.
245 citations
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October 2015 in “Nature medicine” Hair follicle-derived IL-7 and IL-15 are crucial for maintaining skin-resident memory T cells and could be targeted for treating skin diseases and lymphoma.
176 citations
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August 2015 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology” Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.
140 citations
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March 2013 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” Memory regulatory T cells need IL-7, not IL-2, to stay in peripheral tissues.
101 citations
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July 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” UVB exposure in human skin causes macrophages to produce more IL-10 and less IL-12, leading to immunosuppression.
68 citations
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November 2015 in “The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Blocking IL-12/IL-23p40 helped reverse severe hair loss in patients.
49 citations
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October 2017 in “Nutrients” Equisetum debile extract, especially the ethyl acetate type, may be a promising natural ingredient for anti-hair loss products.
48 citations
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January 2024 in “Immune Network” IL-15 is key for T cell function and could help improve treatments for immune-related diseases.