148 citations
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September 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder causing hair loss, linked to specific hair follicle antigens and genetic factors.
143 citations
,
January 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing hair loss, treatable with immune-modulating drugs, and linked to genetics.
134 citations
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July 2020 in “Experimental dermatology” Hair follicles are normally protected from the immune system, but when this protection fails, it can cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
73 citations
,
April 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology” The scalp's microorganisms significantly affect hair health and disease.
55 citations
,
October 2019 in “The journal of allergy and clinical immunology/Journal of allergy and clinical immunology/The journal of allergy and clinical immunology” The review suggests that other immune cells besides CD8+ T cells may contribute to alopecia areata and that targeting regulatory cell defects could improve treatment.
54 citations
,
January 2023 in “Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy” New therapies are being developed that target integrin pathways to treat various diseases.
46 citations
,
November 2022 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Bullous pemphigoid is influenced by genetic factors, immune cell dysfunction, aging, and triggers, with treatment often improving symptoms.
42 citations
,
April 2021 in “JCI insight” Blocking JAK3 signaling can reverse hair loss from alopecia areata.
26 citations
,
September 2013 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Serum granulysin levels can indicate the activity and prognosis of alopecia areata.
16 citations
,
January 2022 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Certain daily habits like stress, diet, and sleep can affect the severity of hair loss in alopecia areata.
16 citations
,
December 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity, with estrogen possibly reducing risk and testosterone potentially increasing it.
15 citations
,
January 2022 in “Immune Network/Immune network” New targeted immunotherapies are improving treatment for inflammatory skin diseases.
15 citations
,
June 2015 in “F1000Research” Psoriasis may be chronic because it lacks certain immune system controls that prevent overreaction.
12 citations
,
September 2022 in “Frontiers in Genetics” Enhancing CD8+ T cell function to induce ferroptosis in tumor cells may help treat skin melanoma.
11 citations
,
June 2017 in “Mathematical Medicine and Biology A Journal of the IMA” The model helps understand and improve treatments for alopecia areata by simulating hair growth and immune cell interactions.
3 citations
,
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” JAK inhibitors are effective for treating moderate-to-severe alopecia areata.
3 citations
,
July 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Stress may contribute to hair loss in alopecia areata by affecting immune responses and cell death in hair follicles.
April 2026 in “Journal of Inflammation Research” Alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis share immune system issues, and treatments like JAK inhibitors can help both.
December 2025 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Ritlecitinib is effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata in people aged 12 and older.
November 2025 in “Advanced Science” The treatment using a special hydrogel shows promise for promoting hair growth.
July 2025 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Platelet-rich concentrates can be an alternative treatment for oral lichen planus, especially when steroids don't work.
May 2025 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Targeting gut microbiome and metabolome may help treat autoimmune skin diseases like alopecia areata.
April 2024 in “Military Medical Research/Military medical research” Cellular and immunotherapies show promise for healing chronic wounds but need more research.
March 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences” taVNS reduces vitiligo symptoms in mice.
December 2023 in “JAAD Case Reports” Intralesional corticosteroids effectively treat localized alopecia areata, often sparing white hairs.
April 2018 in “Veterinary Pathology” Tigers had a skin condition causing hair loss and inflammation, but the cause is unknown and treatment didn't work.
February 2024 in “Journal of cutaneous and aesthetic surgery” The combined treatment helps improve severe hair loss and reduces the need for other medications.
3 citations
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January 2023 in “Skin appendage disorders” Some people with a history of autoimmune hair loss experienced worsening symptoms after COVID-19 vaccination.
July 2025 in “Clinical Dermatology Review” Azathioprine can cause unexpected hair loss and severe bone marrow issues, so careful monitoring is needed.
4 citations
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January 2018 in “Journal of dermatology & dermatologic surgery” There is no gold standard treatment for hidradenitis suppurativa due to insufficient evidence.