January 2020 in “Nihon Yakuri Gakkai nenkai yoshishu” Reducing 5α-reductase activity helps endometrial cells differentiate, aiding pregnancy.
February 2014 in “Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano)” Testosterone metabolites may help relieve diabetic nerve pain.
Antiandrogens and finasteride may help treat excess hair and hair loss in women.
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July 2016 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.
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May 2022 in “Journal of Advanced Research” Enhancing glycolysis in mesenchymal stromal/stem cells boosts their immune functions and therapy potential.
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April 2017 in “Scientific Reports” Nitrogen starvation in microalgae increases lipid production, making it a potential biofuel source.
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February 2010 in “Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica” Hirsutism is a strong sign of high male hormones and metabolic problems in women with PCOS, but acne and hair loss are not.
60 citations
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February 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Metformin combined with lifestyle changes improves insulin resistance and reduces testosterone levels in women with PCOS more than lifestyle changes alone.
54 citations
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May 2015 in “Endocrinology” Manipulating 5α-reductase type 2 can affect liver fat production and glucocorticoid effects.
35 citations
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October 2017 in “Trends in Molecular Medicine” Mice with enhanced regeneration abilities may help develop new regenerative medicine therapies.
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February 2016 in “International Journal of Dermatology” People with lichen planus are more likely to have dyslipidemia, especially higher triglyceride levels.
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October 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Both types of oral contraceptives improved symptoms and hormone levels in women with PCOS.
24 citations
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October 2012 in “The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology” Testosterone protects female heart cells from stress by activating estrogen receptors.
16 citations
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August 2021 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” A nano-formula of quercetin effectively improves heart health in metabolic syndrome.
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September 2017 in “General and comparative endocrinology” Barn owls with smaller black spots have higher testosterone levels, which might be due to genetic effects on hormone regulation rather than hormone effects on coloration.
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November 2017 in “Hong Kong Medical Journal” Polycystic ovary syndrome increases the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and endometrial cancer, and requires early treatment to manage these risks.
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January 2017 in “Ginekologia Polska” A higher testosterone to dihydrotestosterone ratio may indicate worse metabolic health in women.
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September 2023 in “Molecules” These methods help understand cell structures and reactions.
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August 2021 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Retinoic acid affects male and female muscle energy use and function differently.
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July 2024 in “Journal of Reproduction & Infertility” Fenugreek can help with PCOS symptoms, but metformin is more effective overall.
4 citations
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December 2021 in “Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine” Higher estrone-to-estradiol ratios are linked to worse glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.
4 citations
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August 2018 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Women with PCOS have more insulin resistance and are more likely to have heart-related health issues, with insulin resistance being a bigger factor than β-cell problems.
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June 2025 in “Drug Design Development and Therapy” Targeting glycolysis may help treat PCOS by improving insulin sensitivity and ovarian function.
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December 2022 in “Pharmaceutics” The enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 helps hair regrowth and could be a potential treatment for hair loss.
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April 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Activating PKM2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling together can potentially enhance hair growth and could be a treatment for hair loss.
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March 2012 in “Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B” New methods can detect finasteride's major urinary metabolite in urine for up to 49 hours.
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January 2009 in “Trepo - Institutional Repository of Tampere University” Vitamin D may help regulate cholesterol and influence prostate cancer development.
June 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Early recognition and comprehensive management of PCOS can prevent long-term health issues.
June 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Early recognition and comprehensive management of PCOS can prevent long-term health issues.